Clustering Residents' Intention and Behavior Toward Forest Rehabilitation Initiative: a Case Study in The Upstream of Central Java, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Issue
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2022)
Accepted
20 September 2022
Published
16 November 2022
Keywords:
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Theory of planned behavior, clustering analysis, Bengawan Solo, upstream java
Abstract
The success of forest rehabilitation initiatives depends on community engagement; thus, it is important to understand community opinions toward forest rehabilitation initiatives. However, the available literature is sparse, as most research focuses on forest rehabilitation research, frequently only on planting performance. We scrutinized residents' opinions of the forest rehabilitation initiative using the extended Theory of Planned Behavior framework variables, i.e., behavior (B), behavioral intention (BI), attitude toward behavior (ATB), perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norm (SN), moral norm (MN), perceived risk (PR), and self-identity (SI). Those factors were used to cluster residents into various groups using the k-means clustering method. 307 completed questionnaires were obtained. We found that residents were clustered into two distinctive groups: active supporters (AS) and passive supporters (PS). PS was dominant in the community (61.9%). They were characterized by less agreement in perceiving the adverse impacts of forest degradation, less intent and engagement in forest rehabilitation programs. In contrast, AS was more receptive to forest rehabilitation initiatives. These results confirm that residents are heterogeneous in opinions and interest in forest rehabilitation initiatives. Therefore, forest managers should design effective policies and alternative approaches to ensure the success of forest rehabilitation programs based on those distinctive groups.
References
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Marhaento, H., Booij, M. J., & Hoekstra, A. Y. (2018). Hydrological response to future land-use change and climate change in a tropical catchment. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 63(9), 1368–1385. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1511054
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Marliana, S. N., & Rühe, F. (2014). Post-reforestation vegetation development on abandoned highland fields in Java, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management, 328, 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.042
Mechram, S., Mawardi, M., & Sudira, P. (2012). Aplikasi model AVSWAT2000 untuk prediksi limpasan permukaan, erosi, dan sedimentasi di Sub DAS Keduang: DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu. Agritech, 32(3), 325–330.
Muhamad, D., Okubo, S., Harashina, K., Gunawan, B., & Takeuchi, K. (2014). Living close to forests enhances people’s perception of ecosystem services in a forest-agricultural landscape of West Java, Indonesia. Ecosystem Services, 8, 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.04.003
Nawir, A. A., Murniati, & Rumboko, L. (Eds.) (2008). Rehabilitasi hutan di Indonesia: Akan kemanakah arahnya setelah lebih dari tiga dasawarsa? Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research. https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/002455
Nijman, V., & Nekaris, K. A. (2014). Traditions, taboos and trade in slow lorises in Sundanese communities in southern Java, Indonesia. Endangered Species Research, 25, 79–88. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00610
Nugroho, P., Marsono, D., Sudira, P., & Suryatmojo, H. (2013). Impact of land-use changes on water balance. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.02.036
Nugroho, P., Numata, S., & Abdi Aprilianto, N. (2020). Perceived forest-based ecosystem services and attitudes toward forest rehabilitation: A case study in the Upstream of Central Java, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 14(2), 185–197.
Nugroho, P., Rahayu, A. D., Juliani, R., Indarto, I., Cahyo, A. D., Ankhoviyya, N., ..., & Nugroho, A. (2021a). Clustering residents’ intention to engage in water conservation initiative: Evidence from the Upstream of West Java, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 19(2), 347–353. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.2.347-353
Nugroho, P., Wiyono, W., & Alhafi, A. N. (2021b). Delivering benefits from state forest: Lesson from partnership of nature-based tourism development in KPH Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 9(2), 239. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl29239-251
O'Connor, R. E., Bard, R. J., & Fisher, A. (1999). Risk perceptions, general environmental beliefs, and willingness to address climate change. Risk Analysis, 19(3), 461–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00421.x
Sinclair-Maragh, G., Gursoy, D., & Vieregge, M. (2015). Residents’ perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 4(1), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2014.10.001
Skallerud, K., & Armbrecht, J. (2020). A segmentation of residents’ attitudes towards mariculture development in Sweden. Aquaculture, 521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735040
Sudarsono, B., Sukmono, A., & Santoso, A. A. (2018). Analysis of vegetation density effect in Bengawan Solo Watershed to the total suspended solid (TSS) in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 165, 12033. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/165/1/012033
Suryatmojo, H. (2015). Rainfall-runoff investigation of pine forest plantation in the upstream area of Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.039
Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tsujino, R., Yumoto, T., Kitamura, S., Djamaluddin, I., & Darnaedi, D. (2016). History of forest loss and degradation in Indonesia. Land Use Policy, 57, 335–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.05.034
Valizadeh, N., Bijani, M., Karimi, H., Naeimi, A., Hayati, D., & Azadi, H. (2020). The effects of farmers’ place attachment and identity on water conservation moral norms and intention. Water Research, 185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116131
Whitmarsh, L., & O’Neill, S. (2010). Green identity, green living? The role of pro-environmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.003
Wu Suen, L. J., Huang, H. M., & Lee, H. H. (2014). A comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. Journal of Nursing. https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.61.3.105
Yazdanpanah, M., Forouzani, M., Abdeshahi, A., & Jafari, A. (2016). Investigating the effect of moral norm and self-identity on the intention toward water conservation among Iranian young adults. Water Policy, 18(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.031
Yazdanpanah, M., Hayati, D., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., & Zamani, G. H. (2014). Understanding farmers’ intention and behavior regarding water conservation in the Middle-East and North Africa: A case study in Iran. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.016
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Karanganyar. (2021). Kecamatan Jatiyoso dalam angka Tahun 2021. https://karanganyarkab.bps.go.id/publication/2021/09/24/75ffd484ac72bf99d7815825/kecamatan-jatiyoso-dalam-angka-2021.html
Cahyono, S. A., & Wisnu Wijaya, W. (2014). Identifikasi sektor ekonomi unggulan dan ketimpangan pendapatan antar kabupaten di Sub Das Bengawan Solo Hulu. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 11(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.20886/jsek.2014.11.1.32-43
Chang, L.-C. (2010). The effects of moral emotions and justifications on visitors’ intention to pick flowers in a forest recreation area in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(1), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580903215154
Commerçon, F. A., Zhang, M., & Solomon, J. N. (2021). Social norms shape wild bird hunting: A case study from southwest China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 32, e01882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01882
Datta, S. K., & Sarkar, K. (2012). Threatened access, risk of eviction and forest degradation: case study of sustainability problem in a remote rural region in India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 14(2), 153–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-011-9313-9
de Jong, W. (2010). Forest rehabilitation and its implication for forest transition theory. Biotropica, 42(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00568.x
del Chiappa, G., Lorenzo-Romero, C., & Gallarza, M. (2018). Host community perceptions of cruise tourism in a homeport: A cluster analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 7, 170–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.08.011
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive aampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Fielding, K. S., McDonald, R., & Louis, W. R. (2008). Theory of planned behaviour, identity and intentions to engage in environmental activism. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(4), 318–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.03.003
Gatersleben, B., Murtagh, N., & Abrahamse, W. (2014). Values, identity and pro-environmental behaviour. Contemporary Social Science, 9(4), 374–392. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2012.682086
Gaveau, D. L. A., Santos, L., Locatelli, B., Salim, M. A., Husnayaen, H., Meijaard, E., ..., & Sheil, D. (2021). Forest loss in Indonesian New Guinea (2001–2019): Trends, drivers and outlook. Biological Conservation, 261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109225
Heerwegh, D., & Loosveldt, G. (2008). Face-to-face versus web surveying in a high-internet-coverage population: Differences in response quality. Public Opinion Quarterly, 72(5), 836–846. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfn045
Higginbottom, T. P., Collar, N. J., Symeonakis, E., & Marsden, S. J. (2019). Deforestation dynamics in an endemic-rich mountain system: Conservation successes and challenges in West Java 1990–2015. Biological Conservation, 229, 152–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.11.017
Jiang, H., Wu, W., Wang, J., Yang, W., Gao, Y., Duan, Y., ..., & Shao, J. (2021). Mapping global value of terrestrial ecosystem services by countries. Ecosystem Services, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101361
Kusumandari, A., & Nugroho, P. (2015). Land capability analysis based on hydrology and soil characteristics for watershed rehabilitation. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 142–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.020
Lopes, H. D. S., Remoaldo, P., & Ribeiro, V. (2019). Residents’ perceptions of tourism activity in a rural North-Eastern Portuguese community: A cluster analysis. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series, 46(46), 119–135. https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0038
Lukas, M. C. (2014). Eroding battlefields: Land degradation in Java reconsidered. Geoforum, 56, 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.06.010
Manto, A. P. (2021). Persepsi dan sikap masyarakat terhadap kegiatan rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan di hulu Sub DAS Samin [undergraduate thesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Margono, B. A., Potapov, P. v., Turubanova, S., Stolle, F., & Hansen, M. C. (2014). Primary forest cover loss in indonesia over 2000-2012. Nature Climate Change, 4(8), 730–735). https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2277
Marhaento, H., Booij, M. J., & Hoekstra, A. Y. (2018). Hydrological response to future land-use change and climate change in a tropical catchment. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 63(9), 1368–1385. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1511054
Marini Govigli, V., Efthymiou, A., & Stara, K. (2021). From religion to conservation: unfolding 300 years of collective action in a Greek sacred forest. Forest Policy and Economics, 131, 102575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102575
Marliana, S. N., & Rühe, F. (2014). Post-reforestation vegetation development on abandoned highland fields in Java, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management, 328, 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.042
Mechram, S., Mawardi, M., & Sudira, P. (2012). Aplikasi model AVSWAT2000 untuk prediksi limpasan permukaan, erosi, dan sedimentasi di Sub DAS Keduang: DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu. Agritech, 32(3), 325–330.
Muhamad, D., Okubo, S., Harashina, K., Gunawan, B., & Takeuchi, K. (2014). Living close to forests enhances people’s perception of ecosystem services in a forest-agricultural landscape of West Java, Indonesia. Ecosystem Services, 8, 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.04.003
Nawir, A. A., Murniati, & Rumboko, L. (Eds.) (2008). Rehabilitasi hutan di Indonesia: Akan kemanakah arahnya setelah lebih dari tiga dasawarsa? Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research. https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/002455
Nijman, V., & Nekaris, K. A. (2014). Traditions, taboos and trade in slow lorises in Sundanese communities in southern Java, Indonesia. Endangered Species Research, 25, 79–88. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00610
Nugroho, P., Marsono, D., Sudira, P., & Suryatmojo, H. (2013). Impact of land-use changes on water balance. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.02.036
Nugroho, P., Numata, S., & Abdi Aprilianto, N. (2020). Perceived forest-based ecosystem services and attitudes toward forest rehabilitation: A case study in the Upstream of Central Java, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 14(2), 185–197.
Nugroho, P., Rahayu, A. D., Juliani, R., Indarto, I., Cahyo, A. D., Ankhoviyya, N., ..., & Nugroho, A. (2021a). Clustering residents’ intention to engage in water conservation initiative: Evidence from the Upstream of West Java, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 19(2), 347–353. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.2.347-353
Nugroho, P., Wiyono, W., & Alhafi, A. N. (2021b). Delivering benefits from state forest: Lesson from partnership of nature-based tourism development in KPH Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 9(2), 239. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl29239-251
O'Connor, R. E., Bard, R. J., & Fisher, A. (1999). Risk perceptions, general environmental beliefs, and willingness to address climate change. Risk Analysis, 19(3), 461–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00421.x
Sinclair-Maragh, G., Gursoy, D., & Vieregge, M. (2015). Residents’ perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 4(1), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2014.10.001
Skallerud, K., & Armbrecht, J. (2020). A segmentation of residents’ attitudes towards mariculture development in Sweden. Aquaculture, 521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735040
Sudarsono, B., Sukmono, A., & Santoso, A. A. (2018). Analysis of vegetation density effect in Bengawan Solo Watershed to the total suspended solid (TSS) in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 165, 12033. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/165/1/012033
Suryatmojo, H. (2015). Rainfall-runoff investigation of pine forest plantation in the upstream area of Gajah Mungkur Reservoir. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.039
Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tsujino, R., Yumoto, T., Kitamura, S., Djamaluddin, I., & Darnaedi, D. (2016). History of forest loss and degradation in Indonesia. Land Use Policy, 57, 335–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.05.034
Valizadeh, N., Bijani, M., Karimi, H., Naeimi, A., Hayati, D., & Azadi, H. (2020). The effects of farmers’ place attachment and identity on water conservation moral norms and intention. Water Research, 185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116131
Whitmarsh, L., & O’Neill, S. (2010). Green identity, green living? The role of pro-environmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.003
Wu Suen, L. J., Huang, H. M., & Lee, H. H. (2014). A comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. Journal of Nursing. https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.61.3.105
Yazdanpanah, M., Forouzani, M., Abdeshahi, A., & Jafari, A. (2016). Investigating the effect of moral norm and self-identity on the intention toward water conservation among Iranian young adults. Water Policy, 18(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.031
Yazdanpanah, M., Hayati, D., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., & Zamani, G. H. (2014). Understanding farmers’ intention and behavior regarding water conservation in the Middle-East and North Africa: A case study in Iran. Journal of Environmental Management, 135, 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.016
Authors
MantoA. P., & NugrohoP. (2022). Clustering Residents’ Intention and Behavior Toward Forest Rehabilitation Initiative: a Case Study in The Upstream of Central Java, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 28(3), 232. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.28.3.232
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