Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & JW Grimes) from Solomon Provenance on Progeny Trial in Cirangsad Experimental Forest, West Java
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Issue
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Accepted
10 August 2021
Published
14 December 2021
Keywords:
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Falcataria moluccana, genetic diversity, phenotypic variability, RAPD, sengon, Solomon provenance
Abstract
Initial evaluation of phenotypic variability and genetic diversity was conducted on the progeny test of 2 years-old sengon from Solomon provenance, which derived from nine families of mother tree and were then planted in 4 blocks in the Cirangsad Experimental Forest. Phenotypic assessment on eight traits was conducted on 36 trees using a scoring system, while genetic diversity of 15 selected individuals which represented high and low-score phenotypic traits was analyzed using 5 selected RAPD primers. The result on phenotypic assessment showed that family 3 (57.25 points) has the highest average score of phenotypic quality and family 4 has the lowest average score (7.50 points). Furthermore, genetic analysis showed that the low-scoring sengon population had a greater mean genetic diversity (He = 0.2535) than the high-score population (He = 0.2345). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a significant genetic differences (p-value < 0.001) among high and low-score populations and the dendrogram of genetic distance revealed clustering of individuals having similar superior phenotypic against those having non-superior, indicating the selection based on phenotypes in this study had succeeded in pooling the good quantitative alleles in the selected population. This evaluation results can be used as a reference in determining the best families to produce superior sengon (from Solomon provenance) offspring in the future that have desired adaptability, productivity, and diversity.
References
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Rohlf, F. J. (1998). NTSyS-p.c: Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system (Version 2.0). Setauket, New York: Exeter Software Publishers Ltd.
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Schmidt, F. H., & Ferguson, J. H. A. (1951). Rainfall type based on wet and dry period ratio for Indonesia with Western New Guinea. Jakarta: Kementrian Perhubungan Djawatan Meteorologi dan Geofisika.
Setiadi, D., Baskorowati L., & Susanto, M. (2014). Pertumbuhan sengon Solomon dan responnya terhadap penyakit karat tumor di Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 8, 121–136.
Siregar, U. J., & Olivia, R. D. (2012). Keragaman genetik populasi sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) pada hutan rakyat di Jawa berdasarkan penanda RAPD. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 3, 1–7.
Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii (Vols. 1-2). Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii and Bishop Press.
Weising, K., Nybon, H., Wolff, K., & Kahl, G. (2005). DNA fingerprinting in plants: Principles, methods, and applications (2nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
Widyastuti, D. E. (2007). Keragaman genetik dengan penanda RAPD, fenotipa pertumbuhan dan pendugaan heritabilitas pada sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) [thesis]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A., & Tingey, S. V. (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18, 6531–6535. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531
Yeh, F. C., Yang, R. C., Boyle, T. B. J, Ye, Z. H., & Mao, J. X. (1997). POPGENE, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. Canada: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta.
Zobel, B., & Talbert, J. (1984). Applied forest tree improvement. New York: John Willey and Sons.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. (2021). Produksi perusahaan pembudidaya tanaman kehutanan menurut jenis produksi 20172019. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/60/1851/1/produksi-perusahaan-pembudidaya-tanaman-kehutanan-menurut-jenis-produksi.html
Dwivedi, S., Singh, S. Chauhan, U. K., & Tiwari, M. K. (2018). Inter and intraspecific genetic diversity (RAPD) among three most frequent species of macrofungi (Ganoderma lucidum, Leucoagricus sp. and Lentinus sp.) of tropical forest of Central India. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16, 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.11.008
Hidayat, W., Qi, Y., Jang, J. H., Febrianto, F., Lee, S. H., Chae, H. M., ..., & Kim, N. H. (2017a). Carbonization characteristics of juvenile woods from some tropical trees planted in Indonesia. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 62, 145–152.
Hidayat, W., Sya’bani, M. I., Purwawangsa, H., Iswanto, A. H., & Febrianto F. (2017b). Effect of wood species and layer structure on physical and mechanical properties of strand board. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 9, 134–140.
Ikhfan, A. N., & Wijayanto, N. (2019). Assessing the growth of local sengon and Solomon sengon in agroforestry system. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 394, 012028. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/394/1/012028
Kimura, M., & Crow, J. F. (1964). The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics, 49, 725–738.
Krisnawati, H., Varis, E., Kallio, M., & Kanninen, M. (2011). Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen: Ekologi, silvikultur dan produktivitas. Bogor: CIFOR.
Lelana, N. E., Wiyono, S., Giyanto, & Siregar, I. Z. (2018). Genetic diversity of Falcataria moluccana and its relationship to the resistance of gall rust disease. Biodiversitas, 19, 12–17. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190102
Loera-Sánchez, M., Studer, B., & Kölliker, R. (2019). DNA-based assessment of genetic diversity in grassland plant species: Challenges, approaches, and applications. Agronomy, 9, 881. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120881
Mahbub, I. A., Tampubolon, G., & Irianto. (2020). Perbaikan beberapa sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman sengon Solomon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & Grimes) melalui pemberian kompos Desmodium ovalifolium pada tanah bekas tambang batubara. Jurnal Silva Tropika, 4, 222–228.
Nei, M. (1972). Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist, 106, 283–292. https://doi.org/10.1086/282771
Nei, M. (1973). Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 70, 3321–3323. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.70.12.3321
Peakall, R., & Smouse, P. E. (2006). GenAlEx 6: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6, 288–295. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460
Priadi, D., & Hartati N. S. (2015). Viability and in vitro shoot multiplication of plus seed of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) of fresh and 4-years storage seed. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 1, 1516–1519.
Rohlf, F. J. (1998). NTSyS-p.c: Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system (Version 2.0). Setauket, New York: Exeter Software Publishers Ltd.
Rostini, N., Sunarya, S., Murdaningsih, H. K., Anas, & Damayanti, F. (2018). Pemanfaatan marka RAPD untuk mengestimasi diversitas genetik progeni half-sib Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen hasil seleksi ketahanan boktor dan riap pertumbuhan. Zuriat, 29, 110–117.
Schmidt, F. H., & Ferguson, J. H. A. (1951). Rainfall type based on wet and dry period ratio for Indonesia with Western New Guinea. Jakarta: Kementrian Perhubungan Djawatan Meteorologi dan Geofisika.
Setiadi, D., Baskorowati L., & Susanto, M. (2014). Pertumbuhan sengon Solomon dan responnya terhadap penyakit karat tumor di Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 8, 121–136.
Siregar, U. J., & Olivia, R. D. (2012). Keragaman genetik populasi sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) pada hutan rakyat di Jawa berdasarkan penanda RAPD. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 3, 1–7.
Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii (Vols. 1-2). Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii and Bishop Press.
Weising, K., Nybon, H., Wolff, K., & Kahl, G. (2005). DNA fingerprinting in plants: Principles, methods, and applications (2nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
Widyastuti, D. E. (2007). Keragaman genetik dengan penanda RAPD, fenotipa pertumbuhan dan pendugaan heritabilitas pada sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) [thesis]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A., & Tingey, S. V. (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18, 6531–6535. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531
Yeh, F. C., Yang, R. C., Boyle, T. B. J, Ye, Z. H., & Mao, J. X. (1997). POPGENE, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. Canada: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta.
Zobel, B., & Talbert, J. (1984). Applied forest tree improvement. New York: John Willey and Sons.
Authors
DwiyantiF. G., SiregarI. Z., & SiregarU. J. (2021). Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & JW Grimes) from Solomon Provenance on Progeny Trial in Cirangsad Experimental Forest, West Java. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 27(3), 174. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.27.3.174
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