A Model of Religious Moral Approach for Peatland Ecosystem Restoration in Indonesia
Abstract
Efforts to conserve peatlands and prevent forest fires are inseparable from human awareness and behavior. This study aims to find a model for a religious, moral approach by the clerics in supporting the implementation of peatland restoration. The study was carried out in designated Muslim locations with trained clerics. The farmers surveyed also have experienced by the Peatland Restoration Agency (BRG) programs: i.e., physical support, such as a canal dam program and demonstration plot of agriculture without burning (PLTB). The methods used combine quantitative surveys with a Likert scale to explore attitudes, subjective norms, perception, intention, and their impact on behavior. The results obtained show that the community religious leaders can be an important trigger in encouraging the movement. In the model, visible subjective norm (SN) variables contribute directly to intention by 23%. Perceived behavior control (PBC) directly has a positive and significant effect on intention 53% (p-value). This means the individual, in making a decision and intention to participate, is a factor that has a broad impact on the community and gives a positive value of 53% (good enough) on the intention. The individuals' decisions to participate in peatland conservation are prompted by perception of having a wide impact on the community.
References
Ajzen, I., & Sexton, J. (1999). Depth of processing, belief congruence, and attitude-behavior correspondence. In S. Chaiken & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories in social psychology (p. 117–138). New York: The Guilford Press.
[BRG] Badan Restorasi Gambut. (2016). Laporan tahunan BRG: Mengawali restorasi gambut Indonesia. Jakarta: BRG.
Carmenta, R., Zabala, A., Daelia, W., & Phelpsae, J. (2017). Perceptions across scales of governance and the Indonesian peatland fires. Global Environmental Change, 46, 50–59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.08.001
Dachlan, U. (2014). Panduan lengkap structural equation modelling. Semarang: Lentera Ilmu.
Dohong, A., Aziz, A. A., & Dargusch, P. (2018). A review of techniques for effective tropical peatland restoration. Wetlands, 38, 275–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1017-6
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York: Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203838020
Gade, A. M. (2015). Islamic law and the environment in Indonesia: Fatwa and Da‘wa’. Worldviews, 19, 161–83. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685357-01902006
Harrison, M. E., Ottay, J. B., D’Arcy, L. J., Cheyne, S. M., Anggodo, Belcher, C., … & Frank van Veen, F. J. (2019). Tropical forest and peatland conservation in Indonesia: Challenges and directions. People and Nature, 2(1), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/Pan3.10060
Kaplan, D. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Foundations and extensions (2nd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452226576
Khalid, F. (2019). Signs on the earth: Islam modernity and the climate crisis. Leicherterachire: Kube Publishing.
Mangunjaya, F. M. (2011). Developing environmental and conservation awareness through islamic teaching. Oxford Journal of Islamic Studies, 22(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/etq067
Mangunjaya, F. M. & McKay, J. (2012). Reviving an islamic approach for environmental conservation in Indonesia. Worldview, 16, 286–305. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685357-01603006
Mangunjaya, F. M., Tobing, I. S. L., Binawan, A., Pua, E., & Nurbawa, M. (2015). Faiths from the archipelago: Action on the environment and climate change. Worldview, 19, 103–122. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685357-01902003
Mangunjaya, F. M. (2018). The implementation of preacher (da’i) capacity-building on peatland restoration in South Kalimantan and Riau. Individual Consultant Report to UNDP. Jakarta: BRG.
Mangunjaya, F. M. & Praharawati, G. (2019). Fatwas on boosting environmental conservation in Indonesia. Religions, 10(10), 570. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10100570
Miettinen, J., Shi, C., & Liew, S. C. (2017). Fire distribution in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 with special emphasis on peatland fires. Environmental Management, 60, 747–757 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0911-7
[MUI] Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2018). Khutbah Jumat: Pelestarian dan restorasi lahan gambut. Jakarta: MUI
Prabowo, H., & Mangunjaya, F. M. (2018). Modul: Peningkatan kapasitas dai restorasi gambut. Jakarta: MUI.
Pribadi, A., & Kurata, G. (2017). Greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions from land and forest fire in Indonesia during 2015 based on satellite data. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 54, 012060. Retrieved from https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/54/1/012060
Rare & The Behavioral Insight Team. (2019). Behavioral change for nature: A behavioral science toolkit for practitioners. Arlington: Rare.
Santoso, S. (2015). AMOS 22 untuk structural equation modelling: Konsep dasar dan aplikasi. Jakarta: Kompas Gramedia.
Sponsel, L. E. (2020). Religious environmental activism in Asia. Case studies in spiritual ecology. Basel: MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03928-647-8
TEMPO. (2020). Cegah covid-19, petani jahe tanami areal bekas lahan gambut terbakar. TEMPO. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1324154/cegah-covid-19-petani-jahe-tanami-areal-bekas-lahan-gambut-terbakar
The World Bank. (2016). The cost of fire: An economic analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 fire crisis: Indonesia Sustainable Landscapes Knowledge Note 1. Jakarta: The World Bank.
Veldman, R. G., Szasz, A., & Delay, R. H. (2014). How the world’s religions are responding to climate change. London: Routledge.
White Jr., L. (1967). The historical root of our ecological crisis. Science, 155, 1203–1207. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.155.3767.1203
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika is an open access journal which means that all contents is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition of open access.Article Details
