Structure and Dominance of Species in Mangrove Forest on Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Abstract
The Kutai National Park (KNP) which is located in East Kutai Regency on East Kalimantan Province is endowed with numerous pristine of mangrove forest. However, related information to the species composition and diversity of KNP mangrove is still scanty. Twenty-one of mangrove species were recorded using the quadratic transects survey method (total plot area of 1.7 ha). Main species of mangrove communities were Avicennia lanata, A. marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhysa, B sexangular, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata and Sonneratia Alba. Mangrove density was recorded reached as 1,699 trees ha-1, saplings of 4,395 ha-1 and seedlings 25,348 ha-1. Significant tree density was found in Pandan Bay Estuary. While in the Lombok Bay and the Kaba Bay significant for sapling and seedling categories. Importance value index of mangrove species in the three study locations for three growth categories (tree, sapling and seedling) showed significant differences (p-value> α0.05). Mangrove stand at three study locations has almost the same characteristics. The species diversity and evenness index has shown the same distribution pattern. The findings of this study suggest that KNP mangrove forest stand is not heavily damaged even though there is a lot of human activity. This mangrove could be managed and conserved for multi-sectoral purposes such as ecotourism, research, biodiversity and education rather than solely as a Nature Conservation Area.
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Shah, K., Mustafa Kamal, A. H., Rosli, Z., Hakeem, K. R., Hoque, M. M. (2016). Composition and diversity of plants in Sibuti mangrove forest, Sarawak, Malaysia. Forest science and technology, 12(2), 70-76.
Suk-ueng, N., Buranapratheprat, A., Gunbua, V., Leadprathom, N. (2013). Mangrove composition and structure at the Welu estuary, Khlung district, Chanthaburi province, Thailand. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 7(5), 17-24.
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Warsidi, & Endayani, S. (2017). Komposisi Vegetasi Mangrove di Teluk Balikpapan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal AGRIFOR, 16(1), 115-124.
Barbour, M. G. B., Michael, G., & Burk, J. H. (1987). Terrestrial plant ecology. California, Benyamin Cumming. CA.
Bismark, M., & Iskandar, S. (2002). Kajian total populasi dan struktur sosial bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) di Taman Nasional Kutai, Kalimantan Timur. Bul. Pen. Hut., 631, 17-29.
Brander, L. M., Wagtendonk, A. J., Hussain, S. S., McVittie, A., Verburg, P. H., de Groot, R. S., & van der Ploeg, S. J. (2012). Ecosystem service values for mangroves in Southeast Asia: A meta-analysis and value transfer application. Ecosystem Services, 1(1), 62-69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2012.06.003
Budiarsa, A., & Rizal, S. (2013). Pemetaan dan analisis tingkat kerusakan hutan mangrove di Taman Nasional Kutai berdasarkan data citra setelit Landsat ETM dan kerapatan vegetasi. Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan Tropis, 19(1), 54-61.
Curtis, J. T., & Mcintosh, R. P. (1950). The interrelations of certain analytic and synthetic phytosociological characters. Ecology, 31(3), 434-455.
Djufri, Wardiah, & Muchlisin, R. (2016). Plants diversity of the deforested peat-swamp forest of Tripa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 17(1).
Eddy, S., Ridho, M., Iskandar, I., & Mulyana, A. (2019). Species composition and structure of degraded mangrove vegetation in the Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 20(8), 2119-2127.
English, S., Wilkinson, C., & Baker, V. (1997). Survey manual for tropical marine resources. Townsville, Australia: Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Fawzi, N. I., & Husna, V. N. (2017). Evaluation of Mangrove Forest Change and Fragmentation in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan for Coastal Management. Paper presented at the 2nd International Forum on Sustainable Future in Asia, 2nd NIES International Forum, Bali, Indonesia.
Ghufrona, R., Kusmana, C., & Rusdiana, O. J. J. S. T. (2015). Komposisi jenis dan struktur hutan mangrove di Pulau Sebuku, Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 6(1), 15-26.
Giesen, W., Wulffraat, S., Zieren, M., & Scholten, L. (2007). Mangrove guidebook for Southeast Asia. Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific.
Herison, A., Yulianda, F., Kusmana, C., Nurjaya, I. W., & Adrianto, L. (2014). The Existing Condition of Mangrove Region of Avicenia marina, Its: Distribution and Functional Transformation. Journal of Tropical Forest Management, 20(1), 26-36.
Hoque, M. M., Mustafa Kamal, A. H., Idris, M. H., Haruna Ahmed, O., Rafiqul Hoque, A., Masum Billah, M. J. Z., & ecology. (2015). Litterfall production in a tropical mangrove of Sarawak, Malaysia. Zoology and ecology, 25(2), 157-165.
Imanuddin, & Simarangkir, B. (2012). Analisis Vegetasi Kawasan Hutan Mangrove di Teluk Pangempang Kecamatan Muara Badak Kabupaten Kutai Kertanegara. Jurnal Kehutanan Tropika Humida, 5(1), 15-24.
Kartika, K. F., Istomo, I., & Amanah, S. J. (2018). Mangrove Diversity in Production Forest Management Unit (FMU) Bulungan Unit VIII North Kalimantan. Media Konservasi, 23(3), 253-261.
Kathiresan, K., & Bingham, B. (2001). Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems (Vol. 40).
Kusmana, C. (2009). Pengelolaan Sistem Mangrove Secara Terpadu. Paper presented at the Prosiding Workshop Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove di Jawa Barat. Jatinangor, Jatinangor, Indonesia.
Kusmana, C. (2014). Distribution and current status of mangrove forests in Indonesia. In Mangrove ecosystems of Asia (pp. 37-60): Springer.
Kusmana, C., & Sukristijiono, S. (2016). Mangrove resource uses by local community in Indonesia. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, 6(2), 217-224.
Magurran, A. E. (1988). Ecological diversity and its measurement. Victoria, Australia: Princeton university press.
Noor, Y. R., Khazali, M., & I NN, S. (1999). Panduan pengenalan mangrove di Indonesia. Bogor, Indonesia: PKA/WI-IP (Wetlands International-Indonesia Programme).
Nugroho, T. S., Fahrudin, A., Yulianda, F., Bengen, D. G. (2019). Structure and composition of riverine and fringe mangroves at Muara Kubu protected areas, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 12(1), 378-393.
Nurhidayah, A. M., & Gunawan, B. I. (2009). Analisis Tegakan Hutan Mangrove Kota Bontang. Jurnal Kehutanan Tropika Humida, 2(2), 192-203.
Pielou, E. C. (1975). Ecological diversity. New York: Wiley Interscience.
Romañach, S. S., DeAngelis, D. L., Koh, H. L., Li, Y., Teh, S. Y., Barizan, R. S. R., & Zhai, L. (2018). Conservation and restoration of mangroves: Global status, perspectives, and prognosis. Ocean & Coastal Management, 154, 72-82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.01.009
Saenger, P. (1999). Sustainable management of mangroves. Paper presented at the Proceedings of International Symposium, Malang, Indonesia.
Sayektiningsih, T., & Gunawan, W. (2012). Kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di sekitar hutan mangrove Taman Nasional Kutai, Kalimantan Timur. Paper presented at the Prosiding: Seminar hasil-hasil penelitian BPTKSDA Samboja, Balai Penelitian Teknologi Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, Samboja.
Shah, K., Mustafa Kamal, A. H., Rosli, Z., Hakeem, K. R., Hoque, M. M. (2016). Composition and diversity of plants in Sibuti mangrove forest, Sarawak, Malaysia. Forest science and technology, 12(2), 70-76.
Suk-ueng, N., Buranapratheprat, A., Gunbua, V., Leadprathom, N. (2013). Mangrove composition and structure at the Welu estuary, Khlung district, Chanthaburi province, Thailand. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 7(5), 17-24.
Thomas, N., Lucas, R., Bunting, P., Hardy, A., Rosenqvist, A., & Simard, M. (2017). Distribution and drivers of global mangrove forest change, 1996–2010. PLoS ONE, 12(6), 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179302
Warsidi, & Endayani, S. (2017). Komposisi Vegetasi Mangrove di Teluk Balikpapan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal AGRIFOR, 16(1), 115-124.
Authors
EdwinM., SulistyoriniI. S., PoedjirahajoeE., FaidaL. R. W., PurwantoR. H., & Imanuddin. (2021). Structure and Dominance of Species in Mangrove Forest on Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 27(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.27.1.59
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