REKOMENDASI PENGGUNAAN SUMBERDAYA AIR TANAH DI PULAU KARIMUNJAWA
Abstract
Pulau Karimunjawa merupakan salah satu pulau kecil diantara Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Pulau Kalimantan yang mempunyai potensi wisata sangat tinggi karena keindahan pantai dan terumbu karangnya. Jumlah wisatawan terus bertambah untuk menikmati keindahan alamnya. Wisatawan yang terus bertambah tersebut dapat berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan di daerah wisata, salah satunya adalah kualitas air di bawah tanah yang biasa digunakan untuk keperluan masyarakat sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kualitas lingkungan pesisir Kecamatan Karimunjawa yang meliputi air tanah di Kecamatan Karimunjawa terhadap kemungkinan pencemaran akibat aktivitas manusia. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, survei, dan analisis hasil survei. Survei yang dilakukan meliputi survei sampling air tanah dan wawancara dengan narasumber. Data primer yang diperoleh di lapangan dilengkapi data sekunder selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis sehingga diperoleh informasi mengenai indikasi adanya pencemaran dan air tanah di pesisir Kecamatan Karimunjawa, yang selanjutnya disusun langkah yang harus dilakukan untuk menanggulangi atau mengurangi pencemaran tersebut. Secara umum hasil pengukuran kualitas air tanah dan pengukuran geolistrik menunjukkan bahwa air tanah di pesisir Kecamatan Karimunjawa menunjukkan adanya indikasi intrusi air laut hingga mencapai kedalaman 20 meter. Pengelolaan sampah di Kecamatan Karimunjawa masih belum terpadu, sampah dikumpulkan di suatu tempat untuk hanya ditimbun dan ada juga sebagian yang dibakar. Selain itu, ada pula sampah yang sengaja ditimbun oleh masyarakat untuk digunakansebagai material urukan untuk menambah lahan perumahan mereka. Solusi yangbisa dilakukan adalah terus memberikan edukasi ataupun penyadaran kepadamasyarakat setempat ataupun wisatawan untuk selalu menjaga lingkungan dan tidakmerusaknya, menggunakan air tanah secara bijak, mencari alternatif sumber airselain air tanah di kecamatan Karimunjawa, melakukan desalinasi air untukkeperluan air tawar, memindahkan lokasi TPA ketempat yang jauh daripemukiman dan melakukan pengelolaan sampah secaraterpadu.
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