DAYA DUKUNG LINGKUNGAN DAN KELEMBAGAAN USAHA KERAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) DI WADUK JATILUHUR
Abstract
Waduk Jatiluhur menjadi penyedia air baku, pengairan lahan pertanian (irigasi), Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA), pengendali banjir bagian hilir waduk, tempat wisata dan budidaya perikanan khususnya budidaya ikan Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA). Manfaat ekonomi yang dirasakan masyarakat dari keberadaan KJA antara lain adalah peningkatan pendapatan dan taraf hidup, perluasan kesempatan kerja, dan terpenuhinya kebutuhan konsumsi sumber protein ikan. Manfaat ekonomi yang dihasilkan KJA mendorong masyarakat untuk terus membangun KJA, sayangnya aktivitas KJA di Waduk Jatiluhur belum memerhatikan aspek daya dukung perairan sehingga terjadi penurunan kualitas air waduk. Perhitungan daya dukung Waduk Jatiluhur perlu dilakukan sebagai langkah awal dalam pengestimasian jumlah KJA maksimum agar dampak negatif dari aktivitas KJA dapat dihindari. Jumlah unit KJA intensif di Waduk Jatiluhur berdasarkan Laporan Tahunan Perum Jasa Tirta II tahun 2014 sebanyak 23.000 KJA. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dengan metode Beveridge dalam penelitian ini jumlah KJA sudah berlebih. Jumlah KJA optimal di Waduk Jatiluhur adalah 19.401 petak KJA. Pengelolaan Waduk Jatiluhur terkait KJA dilakukan oleh beberapa pihak dengan persepsi berbeda. Persepsi berbeda dapat mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan atau pencapaian tujuan dari pengelolaan Waduk Jatiluhur terkait KJA. Maka, diperlukan identifikasi persepsi dari semua pihak agar meningkatkan produktivitas KJA dan mempertahankan atau memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan.Metrics
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