ESTIMASI NILAI PAJAK EMISI KENDARAAN ANGKUTAN KOTA DI KOTA BOGOR
Abstract
Kota Bogor merupakan kota penyangga Ibukota DKI Jakarta sehingga menyebabkan mobilitas masyarakat untuk bepergian sangat tinggi. Mobilitas masyarakat yang tinggi mengakibatkan kebutuhan akan transportasi semakin meningkat, sehingga tidak jarang menimbulkan kemacetan yang berdampak pada meningkatnya konsumsi bahan bakar dan meningkatnya jumlah emisi gas rumah kaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengestimasi jumlah emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan oleh angkutan kota di Kota Bogor; 2) mengestimasi luas lahan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) yang dibutuhkan untuk menyerap sisa emisi CO2 kendaraan yang dihasilkan oleh angkutan kota di Kota Bogor; 3) mengestimasi nilai pajak emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan oleh angkutan kota di Kota Bogor; 4) merumuskan implikasi kebijakan penerapan pajak emisi kendaraan untuk angkutan kota di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode TIER-1, analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, biaya penanganan emisi, dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total emisi yang dihasilkan oleh angkot di Kota Bogor adalah sebesar 231.845 ton/tahun. Sisa emisi gas CO2 angkot yang tidak dapat terserap oleh RTH adalah sebesar 47.790 ton/tahun, sehingga dibutuhkan pembangunan RTH baru seluas 1.253 ha untuk menyerap sisa emisi yang dihasilkan oleh angkot. Berdasarkan hasil estimasi nilai pajak emisi bagi angkot adalah sebesar Rp29.412.916/unit/tahun dengan asumsi 1 atau Rp12.457.407/unit/tahun dengan asumsi 2. Implikasi kebijakan dari pajak emisi yaitu pengemudi angkot dapat melakukan internalisasi biaya eksternal dengan melakukan program konversi bahan bakar dari bahan bakar minyak menjadi bahan bakar gas.
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References
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