Differences in Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Stress Levels between School Teachers Living in Rural and Urban Areas in Karawang, Indonesia during the COVID- 19 Pandemic

Kalani Bhagya, Al Mukhlas Fikri, Milliyantri Elvandari

Abstract

This study investigated the differences in metabolic syndrome risk factors and psychological stress levels among school teachers in rural and urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Waist circumference, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride levels, hypertension status, and fasting blood glucose were measured in 71 participants. The results showed higher rates of large waist circumference and hypertension in rural areas, and higher rates of low HDL, high triglyceride, and high fasting blood glucose in urban areas. In addition, a greater percentage of individuals in both rural and urban areas experienced high level of stress. These findings suggest different health risks associated with living in different areas during the pandemic.

References

Cyr ME, Etchin AG, Guthrie BJ, Benneyan, JC. 2019. Access to specialty healthcare in urban versus rural US populations: A systematic literature review. BMC Health Serv Res 19:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12913-019-4815-5/FIGURES/4
Gassasse Z, Smith D, Finer S, Gallo V. 2017. Association between urbanisation and type 2 diabetes: An ecological study. BMJ Glob Health 2:e000473. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJGH-2017-000473
Marroquín B, Vine V, Morgan R. 2020. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects of stay-at-home policies, social distancing behavior, and social resources. Psychiatry Res 293:113419. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2020.113419
Rochlani Y, Pothineni NV, Kovelamudi S, Mehta JL, 2017. Metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiology, management, and modulation by natural compounds. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 11:215. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753944717711379
Schneiderman N, Ironson G, Siegel SD. 2005. Stress and health: Psychological, behavioral, and biological determinants. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 1:607. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.CLINPSY.1.102803.144141

Authors

Kalani Bhagya
Al Mukhlas Fikri
mukhlas.fikri@fikes.unsika.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Milliyantri Elvandari
BhagyaK., FikriA. M., & Elvandari M. (2023). Differences in Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Stress Levels between School Teachers Living in Rural and Urban Areas in Karawang, Indonesia during the COVID- 19 Pandemic . Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 18(Supp.1), 131-133. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2023.18.Supp.1.131-133

Article Details