Hubungan Kepatuhan Diet, Kualitas Diet, dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Correlation between Diet Compliance, Diet Quality, and Physical Activity with Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Lifestyle changes are the main step for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose levels, one of which is good dietary management and regular physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the association between diet compliance, diet quality, body composition, and blood glucose levels in T2DM patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 54 T2DM subjects recruited using accidental sampling. Data collection was performed through direct questionnaires (PDAQ and IPAQ), fasting blood glucose, and anthropometric measurements. The results showed that 51,9% of participants compliand with the recommended diet but required improvement in diet quality, while 48.1% had poor diet quality. Morever, 55,6% of participants were classified as having uncontrolled diabetes (FBG ≥127 mg/dL), and 46,3% were obese. A majority (77%) of participants had excessive body fat. Physical activity levels in the past week were categorized as moderate in 61,1% of participants. There was a significant association between diet compliance and blood glucose levels (p=0,003), However, no association was found between diet quality and physical activity with blood glucose levels (p>0,005).