Aktifitas Fisik, Gizi Lebih, Konsumsi Buah, Sayur, Natrium, dengan Hipertensi Lansia di Palung Raya Physical Activity, Over Nutrition, Fruit, Vegetables and Sodium Consumption, Hypertension of The Elderly in Palung Raya

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the association between physical activity, overnutrition, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, and sodium consumption with the incidence of hypertension among elderly individuals in Palung Raya Village. This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The investigation was conducted from February to May 2023, utilizing a total sample of 52 participants selected through total sampling technique. Data collection methods included a 24-hour physical activity recall questionnaire, microtoise, digital scales, 1x24 hour food recall questionnaire, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and digital sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, specifically chi-square analysis. The findings revealed that 48.1% of respondents exhibited a low activity level, 71.2% were not overnourished, 63.5% had inadequate fruit consumption, 59.6% had inadequate vegetable consumption, 63.5% fell into an unfavorable sodium consumption category, and 67.3% were diagnosed with hypertension. Significant association were observed between physical activity (p=0.030), fruit consumption (p=0.028), vegetable consumption (p=0.029), sodium consumption (p=0.044) and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly population. However, no significant association was found between nutritional status and hypertension incidence in the elderly (p=0.18). Based on these findings, it is recommended that respondents engage in regular physical activity, increase their fruit and vegetable intake, and limit consumption of sodium-rich foods such as table salt.