Uromyces acori (Uredinales) Penyebab Nekrosis pada Daun Tanaman Jeringau (Acorus calamus) di Indonesia
Abstract
Uromyces acori (Uredinales) A Causal Agent of Rust Disease of Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus) in Indonesia
In Indonesia, an asexual state of a rust fungus namely Uredo acori has been considered as the causal agent rust disease of the sweet flag. No report according sexual state is available in Indonesia. The objectives of the present study are confirming the fungal identity morphologically and determine its optimal germinating temperature. An artificial inoculation was conducted by dusting the urediniospore onto detached leaves of sweet flag. Only leaves showed uredinia were selected. The tip bases of the leaves were dipped into a 4% sucrose solution, incubated in a room condition at 25 °C for inducing telial state with teliospore formations. Based on morphological characters of the teliospore and urediniospore, the rust fungus of sweet flag was identified as Uromyces acori. The fungus is germinating optimally at 25 °C.
Downloads
References
Aime MC, Castlebury LA, Abbasi M, Begerow D, Berndt R, Kirschner R, Marvanova L, Ono Y, Padamsee M, Scholler M, Thines M, Rossman AY. 2018. Competing sexual and asexual generic names in Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina (Basidiomycota) and recommendations for use. IMA Fungus 9(1):75–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.06.
Boedijn KB. 1960. The uredinales of Indonesia. Nova Hedwigia. 1(3,4):463–495.
Crane PE, Hiratsuka Y. 1999. Evidence for environmental determination of uredinia and telia production in Chrysommyxa pirolata (inland spruce cone rust). Can J. Bot 78:660–667. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-041.
Crous PW, Verkley GJM, Groenewald JZ, Samson RA. 2009. Fungal Biodiversity. Laboratory Manual Series. Utrecht (AN): CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre. hlm 269.
Cummins GB, Hiratsuka Y. 2003. Illustrated Genera of Rust Fungi. 3rd ed. St. Paul (US): APS Press. hlm 225.
Dzu NV. 1999. Acorus calamus L. Di dalam: de Padua LS, N Bunyapraphatasara, RH J Lemmens, editor. Plant Resources of South-East Asia Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. No 12(1). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, the Netherland. hlm 81–85.
Golda SB, Kumari PS, Mary CA. 2011. A new report on leaf rust of Acorus calamus caused by Uromyces acori from Kerala, India. J Mycol Plant Pathol. 41(2):322–323.
Gold RE, Mendgen K. 1983. Activation of teliospore germination in Uromyces appendiculatus var. Appendiculatus. Phytopath Z. 108:267–280. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1983.tb00588.x.
Gold RE, Statler GD. 1983. Telium formation and teliospore germination in Melampsora lini. Can J Bot. 61:308–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b83-034.
Hiratsuka N, Sato S, Katsuya K, Kakishima M, Hiratsuka Y, Kaneko S, Ono Y, Sato T, Harada Y, Hiratsuka T, Nakayama K. 1992. The rust flora of Japan. Ibaraki (JP): Tsukuba Shuppankai.
Leenuwongphun C. Visetson S, Milne M. 2008. Effects of sweet flag extracts (Acorus calamus L.) on toxicity and the levels of esterase and glutathione-S-transferase on the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille)). Thai J For. 27(2):14–20.
Maclean DJ 1982. Axenic culture and metabolism in rust fungi. Di dalam Scott KJ and Chakravorty K, editor. The rust fungi. London (UK): Academic Press. hlm 38–121.
Mendgen K. 1981. Nutrient up take in rust fungi. Phytopathology. 71(9):983–989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-71-983.
Mendgen K. 1983. Development and physiology of teliospores. Di dalam Bushness WR, Roelfs, Editor. The Cereal Rust. New York (US): Academic Press. 375–398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-148401-9.50018-2.
Nirmalkar VK. 2006. Studies on Uromyces acori: The incitant of rust of sweet flag (Acorus calamus L) [tesis]. Meerpur (IN): Dept of Plant Pathology. College of Agriculture. Indira Gandhi Agricultural University. hlm 127.
Raciborski M. 1900. Algen und Pilze Java’s. Verlag Von J Cramer (Reprint 1973).
Roy S, Yonzone R. 2018. Effect of abiotic factors on the incidence of rust disease in Acorus calamus L under Terai Zone of West Bengal, India. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 7(1):1194–1200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.
Schubiger FX, Défago G, Sedlar L, Kern H. 1985. Host range of the haplontic phase of Uromyces rumicis. Di dalam Proc.VI Int Symp Biol. Contr. Weeds; 1984 August 19–25. Vancouver (CA): CABI. hlm 653–659.
Semangun H. 1992. Host Index of Plant Diseases in Indonesia. Gadjah Mada Univ Press.
Shaw DE. 1994. Experimental induction of teliospores of Puccinia paullula f.sp. monstrea on Monstrea delicosa. Aus Plant Pathol. 23(2):57–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/APP9940057.
Thaung MM. 2005. Rust, smuts and their allies in Burma. Aus Mycologist. 24(2):29–47.
Trione EJ. 1980. Teliospore formation by Ustilago scitaminea in sugarcane.
Phytopathology. 70(6):513–516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-70-513.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.