Komunitas Fitonematoda pada Pertanaman Kopi Robusta dan Arabika di Jawa Timur
Abstract
Phytonematode Community in The Robusta and Arabica Coffee Plantation in East Java
Phytonematode is one of the important parasites of robusta and arabica coffee plantations. This study aimed to determine the phytonematode community on arabica and robusta coffee and their distribution at different plant health conditions. The investigations were conducted at the Sumber Asin Experimental Station, Belawan, and Kalisat Jampit Plantation in East Java. Root and soil samples were taken from the symptomatic plants, plants between symptomatic and healthy plants, and healthy plants. Nematodes were extracted from root samples by mist chamber and soil samples with centrifugation flotation methods. The observed variables are prominence value and proportion of important phytonematode distribution. Phytonematodes identified from robusta coffee are: Pratylenchus coffeae, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne spp., and Hemicriconemoides cocophillus. Phytonematodes identified from arabica coffee are: Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Paratylenchus sp. Criconemoides sp., and Helicotylenchus sp. Phytonematodes are dominated by P. coffeae and R. reniformis on robusta coffee and R. similis and Meloidogyne spp. on arabica coffee. There are differences in the prominence values of each of the phytonematodes found. The highest phytonematode prominence value from extraction of robusta coffee roots was found in P. coffeae at 295.83, whereas in arabica coffee roots was found in R. similis at 259.16. In general, there are increasing population pattern of these species from healthy to symptomatic plants.
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