Tour Company’s Service Quality and Tourists’ Revisit Intention in Arusha Region Tourist Destinations
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Published
31 January 2024
Keywords:
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Arusha tourist destinations, service quality, tour company, tourist revisit intention
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of tour companies’ service quality on tourists’ intention to revisit tourism destinations in the Arusha region. The general objective of this study is to examine the effect of tour companies’ service quality on tourists’ revisit intentions in Arusha tourist destinations. This study used a cross-sectional research design and employed a survey as the data-collection method. Respondents were selected using simple random sampling; 384 respondents were included in this study. Questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents at Arusha tourist destinations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model. The findings revealed that tangibles, responsiveness, and assurance had positive indices, implying that tourists were delighted by the service provided. The study establishes a positive relationship between tangibles, responsiveness, and assurance dimensions and tourists' revisit intentions, with a specific emphasis on the statistically significant connections of tangibles and responsiveness at p < 0.05, emphasizing the need to enhance these aspects to promote repeat visits to Arusha tourist destinations. However, assurance was found to have an insignificant relationship with tourists’ intentions to revisit. Therefore, tour companies, government entities, and tourism authorities should focus on improving tangibles and responsiveness dimensions to enhance tourists' intention to revisit.
References
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Ali, B. J., Gardi, B., Othman, B. J., Ahmed, S. A., Ismael, N. B., Hamza, P. A., Aziz, H. M., & Sabir, B. Y., Sorguli, S., & Anwar, G. (2021). Hotel service quality: the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in hospitality. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management, 5(3), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.5.3.2.
Anwar, G., & Abdullah, N. N. (2021). Inspiring future entrepreneurs: The effect of experiential learning on the entrepreneurial intention at higher education. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.62.26.
Anwar, K., & Ghafoor, C. (2017). Knowledge management and organizational performance: A study of private universities in Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(2), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i2sip53.
Anwar, K., & Louis, R. (2017). Factors affecting students’ anxiety in language learning: a study of private Universities in Erbil, Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(3), 160. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i3p160.
Alshiha, A. (2022). Assessment of service quality of leisure center and the intention to revisit a destination. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 13(2), 367. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.2(58).07.
Ardani, W. (2021). Trust drivers and revisit intention of foreign tourists in Bali. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.33258/ birci. v4i1.1593.
Ayuningtiyas, G. A., Nimran, U., & Hamid, D. (2014). The influence of word of mouth on revisit intention: The mediating role of destination image (case study on domestic tourists visiting Mount Bromo). Profit (Journal Administrasi Bisinis), 8(1). Retrieved from https://profit.ub.ac.id/index.php/profit/article/view/441.
Bakari, S. J. (2021). Challenges facing domestic tourism promotion-a case of Serengeti National Park-Tanzania. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17101.15 848.
Bank of Tanzania. (2019). Tanzania financial stability report. Dar es Salaam: Directorate of Financial Sector Supervision Bank of Tanzania
Bhat, M. A. (2012). Tourism service quality: a dimension-specific assessment of SERVQUAL. Global Business Review, 13(2), 327–337. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/097215091201300210.
Cochran, W. G. (1977) Sampling Techniques. 3rd Edition. New York (US): John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/search/publication?q=Cochran.
Converse, J. M. (2017). Survey Research in the United States: Roots and Emergence 1890-1960. New York (US): Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315130491.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach (4th Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA (US): Sage.
Daniel, C. N., & Berinyuy, L. P. (2010). Using the SERVQUAL model to assess service quality and customer satisfaction. An Empirical Study of Grocery Stores in Umea. Umea School of Business, 1-78.
Delphin, R., Maziku, P., & Mashenene, R. G. (n.d.). Effect of service quality on customer retention at Mount Kilimanjaro National Park (KINAPA) in Tanzania. Sustainable Education and Development – Sustainable Industrialization and Innovation, 827-839. Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/h/spr/sprchp/978-3-031-25998-2_63.html.
Faullant, R., Matzler, K., & Füller, J. (2008). The impact of satisfaction and image on loyalty: The case of Alpine ski resorts. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 18(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/0960452081 0859210.
Hume, M., & Sullivan Mort, G. (2010). The consequence of appraisal emotion, service quality, perceived value and customer satisfaction on repurchase intent in the performing arts. Journal of Services Marketing, 24(2), 170–182. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041011031136.
Ismail, A., Rose, I. R., Tudin, R., & Dawi, N. M. (2017). Relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions: The mediating effect of customer satisfaction. ETIKONOMI, 16(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v 16i2.5537.
Jansri, W., Hussein, L.A. & Loo, J.T.K. (2020). The effect of service quality on revisit intention in tourist beach. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 29(2), 472–487. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.29208-483.
Kyara, V. C., Rahman, M. M., & Khanam, R. (2021). Tourism expansion and economic growth in Tanzania: A causality analysis. Heliyon, 7(5), e06966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06966.
Ladhari, R. (2009). A review of twenty years of SERVQUAL research. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 1(2),172-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566690910971445.
Libre, A., Manalo, A., & Saktian Laksito, G. S. (2022). Factors influencing Philippines tourist’ revisit intention: the role and effect of destination image, tourist experience, perceived value, and tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling, 3(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v3i1.260
Madan, C. R., & Kensinger, E. A. (2017). Test–retest reliability of brain morphology estimates. Brain Informatics, 4,107-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-016-0060-4.
Magasi, C., Mashenene, R. G., & Ndengenesa, D. M. (2022). Service quality and students’ satisfaction in Tanzania’s higher education: A re-examination of SERVQUAL model. International Review of Management and Marketing, 12(3), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.13040.
Mashenene, R. G. (2019). Effect of service quality on student’s satisfaction in Tanzania higher education. Business Education Journal, 2(2), 1-8. Retrieved from http://www.cbe.ac.tz/bej.
Meliawati, T., Gerald, S. C., & Aruman, A. E. (2023). The effect of social media marketing Tik-Tok and product quality towards purchase intention. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(1), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.1.77-92.
Meshack, H. E., & Prusty, S. (2021). Service quality, satisfaction and loyalty of customers in hotels: The case of Northern Tanzania. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 10(4), 1430–1451. https://doi.org/ 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.171.
Ministry of Natural Resource and Tourism. (2020). Integrated tourism master plan: strategy and actions. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism/CHL Consulting group. Retrieved from https://www.tfs.go.tz/uploads/Ministry_of_Natural
Morshed, M. M., Hashim, R. A., & Mahmood, R. (2022). Tourist satisfaction, destination image, loyalty and revisit intention to Malaysia’s National Parks. The Asian Journal of Professional & Business Studies, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.61688/ajpbs.v3i2.36.
Murhadi, W. R., & Karsana, W. (2021). Effect of service quality and patient satisfaction on behavioral intention. Journal of Entrepreneurship & Business, 2(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.24123/jeb.v2i1.3981.
Mwacha, E. R. (2019). The Effects of service quality on customer satisfaction in the 3 Stars’ Hotels in Arusha City (Doctoral dissertation, The Open University of Tanzania).
Naini, N. F., Santoso, S., Andriani, T. S., Claudia, U. G., & Nurfadillah. (2022). The effect of product quality, service quality, customer satisfaction on customer loyalty. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 7(1), 34-50. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.7.1.34-50.
Nguyen, V., B., Dang, H. P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2020). Revisit intention and satisfaction: The role of destination image, perceived risk, and cultural contact. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1796249. https://doi.org/10. 1080/23311975.2020.1796249
Nguyen, X. T. (2020). Factors that influence the intentions to revisit Korea of Vietnamese tourists. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(4), 247–258. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7. NO4.247.
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple item scale for measuring consumer perception of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-37. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-10632-001.
Ramya, N., KowsalyaK., A., & Haranipriya, D. (2019). Service quality and its dimensions. EPRA International Journal of Research and Development (IJRD), 4(2), 37-41. Retrieved from https://eprajournals.com/IJSR/article/1196/abstract
Rini, S. E., Absah, Y., Karina Fawzeea Sembiring, B., & Dharma Tuah Putra Nasution, M. (2021). Intention to revisit tourist destinations in Indonesia. Innovative Marketing, 17(4), 37–48.https://doi.org/10.21511/im.17 (4).2021 .04.
Roopa, S., & Rani, M. (2012). Questionnaire designing for a survey. The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society, 46, 273–277. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10021-1104
Seetanah, B., Teeroovengadum, V., & Nunkoo, R. (2020). Destination satisfaction and revisit intention of tourists: does the quality of airport services matter?. Journal of Hospitality, 44(1), 134-148. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1096348018798446.
Sharma, G. D., Thomas, A., & Paul, J. (2021). Reviving tourism industry post-COVID-19: A resilience-based framework. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37, 100786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100786.
Singh, S., Wagner, R., & Raab, K. (2021). India’s new-found love for wine tourism: a decanter of expectations and change. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 33(3), 313-335. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWBR-05-2020-0021.
Singh, R., & Singh, J. (2019). Destination attributes to measure tourist revisit intention: A scale development. Global Business Review, 20(2), 549–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918825329
Soleimani, A., & Einolahzadeh, H. (2018). The influence of service quality on revisit intention: The mediating role of WOM and satisfaction (Case study: Guilan travel agencies). Cogent Social Sciences, 4(1), 1560651. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2018.1560651
Timur, B. (2018). Service quality, destination image and revisit intention relationships at thermal tourism businesses. Journal of Gastronomy Hospitality and Travel (JOGHAT), 1(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.33083 /joghat.2018.3
United Republic of Tanzania. (2016). The National Tourism Policy. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Retrieved from https://mnrt.go.tz/index.php/about/welcome-to-mnrt
Wang, X., & Cheng, Z. (2020). Cross-sectional studies. Chest, 158(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.012
Widjaja, Y. I., Khalifa, G. S. A., & Abuelhassan, A. E. (2019). The Effect of destination reputation on the revisit intention to halal tourism destination of Jakarta. 20(5), 104-111. Retrieved from https://www.ijbel.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/IJBEL20_219.pdf
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2019). International Tourism Highlights, 2019 Edition. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284421152.
World Travel and Tourism Council (2020). Economic Impact 2020 World. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/ regions 2020/world2020.pdf.
Wu, H. C., Ai, C. H., Yang, L. J., & Li, T. (2015). A study of revisit intentions, customer satisfaction, corporate image, emotions and service quality in the hot spring industry. Journal of China Tourism Research, 11(4), 371–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2015.1110545.
Zulfa, V., Andini, M. F., & Hamiyati. (2023). Purchase intention of environmentally friendly milk bottles: role of product knowledge and environmental concern. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(3), 379-394. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.3.379-394.
Ahrholdt, D. C., Gudergan, S. P., & Ringle, C. M. (2016). Enhancing service loyalty: the roles of delight, satisfaction, and service quality. Journal of Travel Research, 56(4), 436-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516649058.
Ali, B. J., Gardi, B., Othman, B. J., Ahmed, S. A., Ismael, N. B., Hamza, P. A., Aziz, H. M., & Sabir, B. Y., Sorguli, S., & Anwar, G. (2021). Hotel service quality: the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in hospitality. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management, 5(3), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.5.3.2.
Anwar, G., & Abdullah, N. N. (2021). Inspiring future entrepreneurs: The effect of experiential learning on the entrepreneurial intention at higher education. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.62.26.
Anwar, K., & Ghafoor, C. (2017). Knowledge management and organizational performance: A study of private universities in Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(2), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i2sip53.
Anwar, K., & Louis, R. (2017). Factors affecting students’ anxiety in language learning: a study of private Universities in Erbil, Kurdistan. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(3), 160. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i3p160.
Alshiha, A. (2022). Assessment of service quality of leisure center and the intention to revisit a destination. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 13(2), 367. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.2(58).07.
Ardani, W. (2021). Trust drivers and revisit intention of foreign tourists in Bali. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.33258/ birci. v4i1.1593.
Ayuningtiyas, G. A., Nimran, U., & Hamid, D. (2014). The influence of word of mouth on revisit intention: The mediating role of destination image (case study on domestic tourists visiting Mount Bromo). Profit (Journal Administrasi Bisinis), 8(1). Retrieved from https://profit.ub.ac.id/index.php/profit/article/view/441.
Bakari, S. J. (2021). Challenges facing domestic tourism promotion-a case of Serengeti National Park-Tanzania. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17101.15 848.
Bank of Tanzania. (2019). Tanzania financial stability report. Dar es Salaam: Directorate of Financial Sector Supervision Bank of Tanzania
Bhat, M. A. (2012). Tourism service quality: a dimension-specific assessment of SERVQUAL. Global Business Review, 13(2), 327–337. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/097215091201300210.
Cochran, W. G. (1977) Sampling Techniques. 3rd Edition. New York (US): John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/search/publication?q=Cochran.
Converse, J. M. (2017). Survey Research in the United States: Roots and Emergence 1890-1960. New York (US): Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315130491.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach (4th Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA (US): Sage.
Daniel, C. N., & Berinyuy, L. P. (2010). Using the SERVQUAL model to assess service quality and customer satisfaction. An Empirical Study of Grocery Stores in Umea. Umea School of Business, 1-78.
Delphin, R., Maziku, P., & Mashenene, R. G. (n.d.). Effect of service quality on customer retention at Mount Kilimanjaro National Park (KINAPA) in Tanzania. Sustainable Education and Development – Sustainable Industrialization and Innovation, 827-839. Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/h/spr/sprchp/978-3-031-25998-2_63.html.
Faullant, R., Matzler, K., & Füller, J. (2008). The impact of satisfaction and image on loyalty: The case of Alpine ski resorts. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 18(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/0960452081 0859210.
Hume, M., & Sullivan Mort, G. (2010). The consequence of appraisal emotion, service quality, perceived value and customer satisfaction on repurchase intent in the performing arts. Journal of Services Marketing, 24(2), 170–182. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041011031136.
Ismail, A., Rose, I. R., Tudin, R., & Dawi, N. M. (2017). Relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions: The mediating effect of customer satisfaction. ETIKONOMI, 16(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v 16i2.5537.
Jansri, W., Hussein, L.A. & Loo, J.T.K. (2020). The effect of service quality on revisit intention in tourist beach. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 29(2), 472–487. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.29208-483.
Kyara, V. C., Rahman, M. M., & Khanam, R. (2021). Tourism expansion and economic growth in Tanzania: A causality analysis. Heliyon, 7(5), e06966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06966.
Ladhari, R. (2009). A review of twenty years of SERVQUAL research. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 1(2),172-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566690910971445.
Libre, A., Manalo, A., & Saktian Laksito, G. S. (2022). Factors influencing Philippines tourist’ revisit intention: the role and effect of destination image, tourist experience, perceived value, and tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling, 3(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v3i1.260
Madan, C. R., & Kensinger, E. A. (2017). Test–retest reliability of brain morphology estimates. Brain Informatics, 4,107-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-016-0060-4.
Magasi, C., Mashenene, R. G., & Ndengenesa, D. M. (2022). Service quality and students’ satisfaction in Tanzania’s higher education: A re-examination of SERVQUAL model. International Review of Management and Marketing, 12(3), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.13040.
Mashenene, R. G. (2019). Effect of service quality on student’s satisfaction in Tanzania higher education. Business Education Journal, 2(2), 1-8. Retrieved from http://www.cbe.ac.tz/bej.
Meliawati, T., Gerald, S. C., & Aruman, A. E. (2023). The effect of social media marketing Tik-Tok and product quality towards purchase intention. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(1), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.1.77-92.
Meshack, H. E., & Prusty, S. (2021). Service quality, satisfaction and loyalty of customers in hotels: The case of Northern Tanzania. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 10(4), 1430–1451. https://doi.org/ 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.171.
Ministry of Natural Resource and Tourism. (2020). Integrated tourism master plan: strategy and actions. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism/CHL Consulting group. Retrieved from https://www.tfs.go.tz/uploads/Ministry_of_Natural
Morshed, M. M., Hashim, R. A., & Mahmood, R. (2022). Tourist satisfaction, destination image, loyalty and revisit intention to Malaysia’s National Parks. The Asian Journal of Professional & Business Studies, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.61688/ajpbs.v3i2.36.
Murhadi, W. R., & Karsana, W. (2021). Effect of service quality and patient satisfaction on behavioral intention. Journal of Entrepreneurship & Business, 2(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.24123/jeb.v2i1.3981.
Mwacha, E. R. (2019). The Effects of service quality on customer satisfaction in the 3 Stars’ Hotels in Arusha City (Doctoral dissertation, The Open University of Tanzania).
Naini, N. F., Santoso, S., Andriani, T. S., Claudia, U. G., & Nurfadillah. (2022). The effect of product quality, service quality, customer satisfaction on customer loyalty. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 7(1), 34-50. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.7.1.34-50.
Nguyen, V., B., Dang, H. P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2020). Revisit intention and satisfaction: The role of destination image, perceived risk, and cultural contact. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1796249. https://doi.org/10. 1080/23311975.2020.1796249
Nguyen, X. T. (2020). Factors that influence the intentions to revisit Korea of Vietnamese tourists. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(4), 247–258. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7. NO4.247.
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple item scale for measuring consumer perception of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-37. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-10632-001.
Ramya, N., KowsalyaK., A., & Haranipriya, D. (2019). Service quality and its dimensions. EPRA International Journal of Research and Development (IJRD), 4(2), 37-41. Retrieved from https://eprajournals.com/IJSR/article/1196/abstract
Rini, S. E., Absah, Y., Karina Fawzeea Sembiring, B., & Dharma Tuah Putra Nasution, M. (2021). Intention to revisit tourist destinations in Indonesia. Innovative Marketing, 17(4), 37–48.https://doi.org/10.21511/im.17 (4).2021 .04.
Roopa, S., & Rani, M. (2012). Questionnaire designing for a survey. The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society, 46, 273–277. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10021-1104
Seetanah, B., Teeroovengadum, V., & Nunkoo, R. (2020). Destination satisfaction and revisit intention of tourists: does the quality of airport services matter?. Journal of Hospitality, 44(1), 134-148. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1096348018798446.
Sharma, G. D., Thomas, A., & Paul, J. (2021). Reviving tourism industry post-COVID-19: A resilience-based framework. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37, 100786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100786.
Singh, S., Wagner, R., & Raab, K. (2021). India’s new-found love for wine tourism: a decanter of expectations and change. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 33(3), 313-335. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWBR-05-2020-0021.
Singh, R., & Singh, J. (2019). Destination attributes to measure tourist revisit intention: A scale development. Global Business Review, 20(2), 549–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918825329
Soleimani, A., & Einolahzadeh, H. (2018). The influence of service quality on revisit intention: The mediating role of WOM and satisfaction (Case study: Guilan travel agencies). Cogent Social Sciences, 4(1), 1560651. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2018.1560651
Timur, B. (2018). Service quality, destination image and revisit intention relationships at thermal tourism businesses. Journal of Gastronomy Hospitality and Travel (JOGHAT), 1(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.33083 /joghat.2018.3
United Republic of Tanzania. (2016). The National Tourism Policy. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Retrieved from https://mnrt.go.tz/index.php/about/welcome-to-mnrt
Wang, X., & Cheng, Z. (2020). Cross-sectional studies. Chest, 158(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.012
Widjaja, Y. I., Khalifa, G. S. A., & Abuelhassan, A. E. (2019). The Effect of destination reputation on the revisit intention to halal tourism destination of Jakarta. 20(5), 104-111. Retrieved from https://www.ijbel.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/IJBEL20_219.pdf
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2019). International Tourism Highlights, 2019 Edition. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284421152.
World Travel and Tourism Council (2020). Economic Impact 2020 World. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/ regions 2020/world2020.pdf.
Wu, H. C., Ai, C. H., Yang, L. J., & Li, T. (2015). A study of revisit intentions, customer satisfaction, corporate image, emotions and service quality in the hot spring industry. Journal of China Tourism Research, 11(4), 371–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2015.1110545.
Zulfa, V., Andini, M. F., & Hamiyati. (2023). Purchase intention of environmentally friendly milk bottles: role of product knowledge and environmental concern. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 8(3), 379-394. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.8.3.379-394.
Authors
Majaliwa D., & Magasi C. (2024). Tour Company’s Service Quality and Tourists’ Revisit Intention in Arusha Region Tourist Destinations. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 9(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.9.1.1-21
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