PERKEMBANGAN ENZIM PENCERNAAN LARVA IKAN PATIN, Pangasius hypophthalmus sp.
Abstract
Development of digestive enzymes; protease, lipase and amylase were observed in patin catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus, larvae. The 1 day old larvae (day after hatching), with 3,37-3,97 mm length and 0,62-0,79 mg weight, were reared in aquarium 60x50x40 cm with stocking density of 20 fish/l. Larvae were fed Artemia dan tubificid worms 2-8 dan 7-15 days after hatching (dAH), respectively (schedule I); 2-6 and 5-15 dAH (schedule II); and 2-4 and 5-15 dAH (schedule III). Chlorella was ready to eat by larvae at the entirely rearing. For enzyme assay, larvae were sampled from each aquarium at stages of 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 dAH. Protease and lipase activity were detected in digestive tract of 1 dAH larvae. Digestive enzymes development have a similar pattern in larvae for all feeding schedules. Protease activity decreased with the increasing of age until 3 dAH, then increased until the larvae reached 7 dAH, and sharply decreased until 10 dAH and then slowly decreased thereafter. Lipase activity tended to increase slowly with age up to 3 dAH, and increased sharply until 5 dAH, and then decreased sharply until 7 dAH before decreased again up to the end of rearing. Amylase activity in larvae increased slowly with the increasing of age up to 5 dAH, then increased sharply until 7 dAH, and decreased thereafter. In dimly lighted larvae, amylase activity decreased before increased up to 12 d AH, then decreased thereafter. The amount of food organisms in larval gut, body weight and length, and survival rate of larvae were also measured and discussed.
Key Words: Digestive enzymes, development, larvae, patin catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan enzim protease, lipase dan amilase saluran pencernaan larva ikan patin akibat perubahan skedul pemberian pakan. Larva ikan patin (panjang 3,77–3,97 mm dan bobot 0,62-0,79 mg) berumur 1 hari dipelihara di akuarium 60x50x40 cm dengan kepadatan 20 ekor/l. Larva diberi pakan dengan tiga skedul pemberian; skedul I, Artemia dan cacing diberikan ketika larva ikan patin berumur masing-masing 2-8 dan 7-15 hari; skedul II, Artemia 2-6 hari dan cacing 5-15 hari; skedul III, Artemia 2-4 hari dan cacing 5-15 hari. Chlorella diberikan sepanjang pemeliharaan larva. Contoh larva umur 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 dan 15 hari diambil sebanyak 0,5 g setelah dipuasakan selama 4 jam. Asai protease, lipase dan amilase terhadap homogenate larva dilakukan dengan menggunakan masing-masing substrat kasein 1%, minyak kelapa sawit dan pati 1%. Anatomi, isi saluran pencernaan, pertumbuhan bobot dan kelangsungan hidup larva juga diamati. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pertumbuhan larva yang diberi pakan dengan skedul berbeda, namun larva yang diberi Artemia lebih lama (skedul I) memiliki kelangsungan hidup lebih baik. Larva ikan patin umur 1 hari setelah menetas ternyata sudah mengandung enzim protease dan lipase di saluran pencernaannya. Perkembangan enzim pencernaan memiliki pola yang hampir sama pada setiap skedul pemberian pakan. Aktivitas protease menurun pada larva umur 3 hari, selanjutnya meningkat tajam hingga larva umur 7 hari, kemudian menurun tajam hingga larva umur 10 hari dan akhirnya menurun landai. Aktivitas lipase meningkat lambat hingga larva umur 3 hari, kemudian meningkat tajam hingga larva umur 5 hari, selanjutnya menurun tajam hingga larva umur 7 hari dan akhirnya menurun landai. Aktivitas amilase semakin meningkat lambat dengan bertambahnya umur larva hingga 5 hari, selanjutnya meningkat tajam hingga larva berumur 7 hari dan kemudian menurun. Perkembangan enzim pencernaan larva ikan patin ini sejalan dengan perkembangan (diferensiasi) anatomi saluran pencernaan. Saluran pencernaan larva berisi Artemia, cacing dan plankton dengan jumlah yang semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur larva.
Kata kunci: Enzim pencernaan, perkembangan, larva, ikan patin, Pangasius hypophthalmus
Downloads
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).