The effectiveness of Lemna perpusilla as phytoremediation agent in giant gourami culture media on 3 ppt
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The wasted from feed and feces containt nitrogen and phosphorus can decreased fertility and feability water quality. Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) is prospective to use as an agent of phytoremediation of organic waste and can used as animal feed because it has high protein content. Meanwhile water salinity could be accelerate the growth of giant gourami. The aim of this research was to analyze the ability of L. perpusilla in absorbing nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus in water salinity of 3 ppt. The research was conducted four treatments and three replications. The treatments were A (L. perpusilla and 3 ppt salinity), B (L. perpusilla, 3 ppt salinity and filter), C (L. perpusilla, 3 ppt salinity and aeration), and D (L. perpusilla, 3 ppt salinity, filter and aeration). Experiment were carried in aquaria 50×33×50 cm3 in size with density of gourami fish 150/49.5 L for one month. The results showed that the ability of L. perpusilla to absorb N and P decreased from the beginning of the study due to lack of nutrient source of N and P in the aquaculture media, but increased because the impact of the feeding and metabolism of the gourami. There was no different treatment effect for decreased N and P (P> 0.05). The highest nitrite level was found in D treatment, it means that L. perpusilla not be able to absorb N and P in the media 3 ppt salinity. However, the addition of 3 ppt salinity gives the best results for the survival rate and feed efficiency ratio.
Keywords: phytoremediation, Lemna perpusilla, giant gourami fish, nitrogen and phosphorus
ABSTRAK
Limbah pakan dan feses yang mengandung nitrogen dan fosfor dapat menyebabkan penurunan kesuburan dan kelayakan kualitas air. Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) baik digunakan sebagai agen fitoremediasi organik untuk limbah dan dapat digunakan sebagai pakan hewan karena mengandung protein yang tinggi, sementara media bersalinitas mampu mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan gurami. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan L. perpusilla dalam mengabsorbsi nutrisi nitrogen dan fosfor pada air bersalinitas 3 ppt. Penelitian ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah A (L. perpusilla dan salinitas 3 ppt), B (L. perpusilla, salinitas 3 ppt dan filter), C (L. perpusilla, salinitas 3 ppt dan aerasi), dan D (L. perpusilla, salinitas 3 ppt, aerasi dan filter). Akuarium yang digunakan berukuran 50×33×50 cm3 dengan kepadatan ikan gurami 150 ekor/49,5 L dan waktu pemeliharaan selama satu bulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan L. perpusilla menyerap limbah N dan P berkurang dari awal penelitian karena kurangnya sumber nutrisi N dan P pada media pemeliharaan, namun beranjak meningkat yang berdampak dari adanya pemberian pakan dan sisa metabolisme dari ikan gurame. Tidak ada perlakuan yang berpengaruh terhadap pengurangan N dan P (P>0,05). Nilai nitrit tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan D, hal ini berarti bahwa L. perpusilla tidak mampu untuk menyerap limbah N dan P pada media bersalinitas 3 ppt. Namun penambahan salinitas 3 ppt memberikan hasil yang terbaik bagi derajat kelangsungan hidup ikan gurami dan efisiensi pakan.
Kata kunci: fitoremediasi, Lemna perpusilla, ikan gurami, nitrogen dan fosfor
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