DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN HARGA BERAS DAN LUAS AREAL IRIGASI TERHADAP PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
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Published:
Dec 1, 2016
Keywords:
poverty reduction, rice price policy, irrigated acreage
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Abstract
Poverty is one of the major problems in Indonesia is unresolved. Rice is the main food commodities that affect the welfare of million people in Indonesia. Rice is a major source of calories most of the Indonesian people. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of rice policy on poverty in Indonesia. Specifications of research model using simultaneous equations and allegedly with the method Two Stages Least Squares (2SLS). The data used is secondary data with the time span from 1981 to 2014. The results showed that a decrease in the retail price of rice is able to reduce poverty. But the effect is relatively small. Real retail rice price increase 1 percent would increase poverty by 0.037 percent in the short term and amounted to 0.124 percent in the long term. Economic growth to be the only variable that significantly affect poverty. Increase economic growth by 1 percent would reduce poverty by 0.090 percent in the short term and amounted to 0.306 percent in the long term. In an effort to reduce the number of poor people, government purchasing price policy should be followed by other rice policy, such a policy increase the area of irrigated area.
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SeptiadiD., HariantoH., & SuharnoS. (2016). DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN HARGA BERAS DAN LUAS AREAL IRIGASI TERHADAP PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia (Journal of Indonesian Agribusiness), 4(2), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.29244/jai.2016.4.2.91-106
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Yudhoyono SB. 2004. Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kemiskinan dan Pengangguran: Analisis Ekonomi Politik Kebijakan Fiskal [disertasi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Ariani M., Saliem HP, Hastuti S, Wahida, Sawit MH. 2000. Dampak Krisis Ekonomi terhadap Konsumsi Pangan Rumah Tangga. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Bogor.
Booth A. 2000. Poverty and Inequality in the Soeharto Era: An Assessment. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies. 36(1): 73-104.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2015. Kemiskinan ; Konsep dan Metodologi [Internet]. Jakarta (ID): BPS. [diunduh 2015 Sep 17]. Tersedia pada: http://www.bps.go.id/Subjek/view/id/23#subjekViewTab1
Bank Dunia. 2015. Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Indonesia [Internet]. Washington (US): [diunduh 2015 Nov 18]. Tersedia pada: http://www.worldbank.org/in/country/Indonesia/brief/reducing-extreme-poverty-in-Indonesia
Cahyono SA. 2001. Analisis Penawaran dan Permintaan Beras di Provinsi Lampung dan Kaitannya dengan Pasar Beras Domestik dan Internasional [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Dollar D, Kray A. 2002. Growth Is Good for the Poor. Journal of Economic Growth. (7): 195–225.
Godoy DC, Dewbre J. 2010. Economic Importance of Agriculture for Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction: Findings from a case study of Indonesia. OECD. Global Forum on Agriculture.
Gujarati DN. 1995. Basic Econometrics. Third Edition. New York (US): McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Harianto. 2001. Pendapatan, Harga dan Konsumsi Beras. Dalam Suryana dan Mardianto (Editor) Bunga Rampai Ekonomi Beras. Jakarta (ID): Lembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi Masyarakat. Fakultas Ekonomi. Universitas Indonesia.
Hutauruk J. 1996. Analisis Kebijakan Harga Dasar Padi dan Subsidi Pupuk terhadap Permintaan dan Penawaran Beras di Indonesia [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Kasryno F, Simatupang P, Pasandaran E, Adiningsih S. 2001. Reformulasi Kebijaksanaan Perberasan Nasional. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi. 19 (2) : 1-23.
Koutsoyiannis. 1977. Theory of Econometrics: An Introductory Exposition of Econometric Methods. Ed ke-2. London (GB): The MacMillan Press Ltd.
Kusumaningrum R. 2008. Dampak Kebijakan Harga Dasar Pembelian Pemerintah terhadap Penawaran dan Permintaan Beras di Indonesia [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Malian A, Mardianto HS, Ariani M. 2004. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi, Konsumsi, dan Harga Beras serta Inflasi Bahan Makanan. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi. 22 (2): 119-146.
Manning C. 1987. Public Policy Rice Production and Income Distribution: A Review of Indonesia's Rice Selt Sufficiency Program. South East Asean Journal of Social Science. (15): 66-81.
Mulyana A. 1998. Keragaan Penawaran dan Permintaan Beras Indonesia dan Prospek Swasembada Menuju Era Perdagangan Bebas Suatu Analisis Simulasi [Disertasi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nuryanti S. 2005. Analisa Keseimbangan Sistem Penawaran dan Permintaan Beras di Indonesia. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi. 23 (1): 71-81.
Olowa OW. 2012. Concept, Measurement and Causes of Poverty: Nigeria in Perspective. American Journal of Economics. 2(1): 25-36.
Ritonga E. 2004. Analisis Keefektifan Kebijakan Harga Dasar Beras [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rosegrant MW, Kasryno F, Perez ND. 1998. Output Response to Prices and Public Investment in Agriculture: Indonesian Food Crops. Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier Holland. 55.
Sadoulet E, De Janvry A. 1995. Quantitative Development Policy Analysis. London (UK): The John Hopkins University Press.
Sawit HM. 2003. Pengadaan Gabah Bulog dan Lumbung Pangan Masyarakat Desa (LPMD). Majalah Pangan. 12 (40): 34-40.
Simatupang P. 2000. Kelayakan Pertanian Sebagai Sektor Andalan Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional. Bogor (ID): Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Departemen Pertanian.
Sitepu RK. 2002. Dampak Kebijakan Ekonomi dan Liberalisasi Perdagangan terhadap Penawaran dan Permintaan Beras di Indonesia [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Timmer C. 1997. How Well do the Poor Connect to the Growth Process. CAER Discussion Paper. No. 178. Harvard Institute for International Development, Cambridge.
Warr PG. 2005. Food Policy and Poverty in Indonesia: A General Equilibrium Analysis. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. 49: 429-451.
Yudhoyono SB. 2004. Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kemiskinan dan Pengangguran: Analisis Ekonomi Politik Kebijakan Fiskal [disertasi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.