Cytotoxic assay of Capsicum annuum on WiDr Cells: in vitro study

Abstract

Background: Cancer is still one of the causes of death in the world. One of the alternative ways to cure cancer is herbal medicine which has anticancer properties. Objective: This study aims to analyze the cytotoxic effect of Capsicum annuum extract on WiDr cells. Methods: The cytotoxic value of Capsicum annuum extract was tested on WiDr cells using the MTT tetrazolium reduction test method. Results: The results of the MTT test showed that Capsicum annuum extract inhibited the proliferation of WiDr cells along with the increasing concentrations (400, 800, and 1600 ppm). The highest proportion of cell arrest was obtained at a concentration of 800 ppm from each group (24, 48, and 72 hours). The lowest IC₅₀ value was 651.18 ppm in the 48 h treatment group. Conclusion: The IC₅₀ value of Capsicum annuum extract for WiDr cells has a high value that shows the extract is no longer effective as an anticancer drug. Further study is needed to get the best dose in order to inhibit WiDr cell growth maximally.