Retraction and Withdrawal Policy

The published article may be retracted for various reasons including seriously unethical research, plagiarism, redundant publication, peer review manipulation, reuse of material or data without authorization, copyright infringement, flaws in findings or conclusions,  and/or a failure to disclose a major competing interest. For any retracted article, the reason for retraction will be clearly stated in the retraction notice and linked to the retracted article.  The retracted article will be clearly marked as retracted (including the PDF).

The author is allowed to withdraw the manuscript if they have not been formally published.