Critical Factors and Institutional Role in Strengthening Capacity of National Parks: Analysis of Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia Using Interpretative Structural Modeling
Abstract
There are several factors suspected of ineffective rehabilitation and conservation of the Meru Betiri National Park. These important factors need to be identified to improve the management of the park. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the relationship between the factors that influence the achievement of rehabilitation and conservation of the park. The method of this research used a systematic approach to be identified, analyzed, and explained the influential critical factors. Data and information collection was carried out through interviews with experts, management of Meru Betiri National Park, Jember Regency Government and then Focus Group Discussions with stakeholders and farmers. The information and data obtained were analyzed using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). The results showed the three critical factors in achieving the purpose of the programs, such as the synergy between the management of the park and Jember district government; availability of appropriate technology; and the development of institutional capacity for local communities, then the three critical factors of institutional role are Meru Betiri National Park; and Development Planning Agency of Jember Regency; and Higher Education. The implication of this study is a policy intervention is needed to improve the management of Meru Betiri National Park in the future.
References
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Rydin, Y. & Holman, N. (2004). Re‐evaluating the contribution of social capital in achieving sustainable development. The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 9, 117–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354983042000199561
Sharpley, R., & Naidoo, P. (2010). Tourism and poverty reduction: The case of Mauritius. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 7, 45–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790531003737169
Snyman, S. (2014). The impact of ecotourism employment on rural household incomes and social welfare in six southern African countries. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358414529435
Allen, C. R., & Gunderson, L. H. (2011). Pathology and failure in the design and implementation of adaptive management. Journal of Environmental Management, 92, 1379–1384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.063
Ansell, C. & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18, 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Anup, K. C. (2016). Ecotourism and Its Role in Sustainable Development of Nepal. Tourism: From Empirical Research Towards Practical Application. BoD–Books on Demand. 31. https://doi.org/10.5772/62308.
Attri, R., Dev, N., & Sharma, V. (2013). Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach: an overview. Research Journal of Management Sciences, 2(2), 3–8.
Birgé, H. E., Allen, C. R., Garmestani, A. S. & Pope, K. L. (2016). Adaptive management for ecosystem services. Journal of Environmental Management, 183, 343–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.054.
Braasch, M., Garcia B. L., Cortina-Villar, S., Huber-Sannwald, E., & Ramírez-Marcial, N. (2018). TRUE GRASP: Actors visualize and explore hidden limitations of an apparent win-win land management strategy in a MAB reserve. Environmental Modelling & Software, 105, 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.03.022.
Brugnach, M., Dewulf, A., Pahl-Wostl, C., & Taillieu, T. (2008). Toward a relational concept of uncertainty: About knowing too little, knowing too differently, and accepting not to know. Ecology and Society, 13, 30. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-02616-130230
Darmadja, B., Indarto, B., Syarif, N. R., & Anandaet, A. A. (2012). Keanekaragaman hayati flora dan fauna di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jember. Kementerian Kehutanan Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Balai Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, 29–36.
Dewulf, A., Craps, M., Bouwen, R., Taillieu, T., & Pahl-Wostl, C. (2005). Integrated management of natural resources: Dealing with ambiguous issues, multiple actors and diverging frames. Water science and technology, 52, 115–124. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0159.
Fabricius, C., & Currie, B. (2015). Adaptive co-management in: Adaptive management of social–ecological systems. Springer Natherlands, 147–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9682-8_9
Hall, C. M. (1999). Rethinking collaboration and partnership: A public policy perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7, 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589908667340
Harte, J. (2000). Land use, biodiversity, and ecosystem integrity: the challenge of preserving earth's life support system. Ecology LQ. HeinOnline, 27, 929.
Idrissou, L., Paassen, A., Aarts, N., Vodouhè, S., & Leeuwis, C. (2013). Trust and hidden conflict in participatory natural resources management: The case of the Pendjari national park (PNP) in Benin. Forest Policy and Economics, 27, 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2012.11.005
Lamatinulu, L., & Dahlan, M. (2017). Model dan skala prioritas tahapan implementasi tqm pada universitas swasta. Prosiding Senatek 2015, 1, 582–587.
Lim, M. K., Tseng, M., Tan, K. H., & Bui, T. D. (2017). Knowledge management in sustainable supply chain management: Improving performance through an interpretive structural modelling approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 806–816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.056
Mangla, S. K., Kumar, P., & Barua, M. K. (2014). Flexible decision approach for analysing performance of sustainable supply chains under risksuncertainty. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 15, 113–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-014-0059-8
Mathevet, R., Thompson, J. D., Folke, C., & Chapin, F. S. (2016). Protected areas and their surrounding territory: Socioecological systems in the context of ecological solidarity. Ecological Applications. Wiley Online Library, 26, 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0421
Mathiyazhagan, K., Govindan, K., Nourulhaq, A., & Geng, Y. (2013). An ISM approach for the barrier analysis in implementing green supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production. 47, 283–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.10.042
McGinnis, M. D. & Ostrom, E. (2014). Social-ecological system framework: initial changes and continuing challenges. Ecology and Society. 19, 30. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06387-190230
Moswete, N., & Thapa, B. (2018). Local communities, CBOs/trusts, and people–park relationships: A case study of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, Botswana. George Wright Society, 35, 96.
Ntuli, H., & Muchapondwa, E. (2018). The role of institutions in community wildlife conservation in Zimbabwe. International Journal of the Commons, 12, 134–169. Retrieved from https://www.thecommonsjournal.org/articles/10.18352/ijc.803/
Perrotton, A, Michel, D. G., Hugo, V. F., & Christophe, L. P. (2017). My cattle and your park: Codesigning a role-playing game with rural communities to promote multistakeholder dialogue at the edge of protected areas. Ecology and Society, 22(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08962-220135
Rujito, H. (2016). Pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui pengembangan model desa konservasi dan ekowisata di kawasan Taman Nasional Meru Betiri. UNEJ e-Proceeding, 569–587.
Rydin, Y., & Pennington, M. (2000). Public participation and local environmental planning: The collective action problem and the potential of social capital. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 5(2), 153–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549830050009328
Rydin, Y. & Holman, N. (2004). Re‐evaluating the contribution of social capital in achieving sustainable development. The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 9, 117–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354983042000199561
Sharpley, R., & Naidoo, P. (2010). Tourism and poverty reduction: The case of Mauritius. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 7, 45–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790531003737169
Snyman, S. (2014). The impact of ecotourism employment on rural household incomes and social welfare in six southern African countries. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358414529435
Authors
UtamiM. M. D., RujitoH., RiskiawanH. Y., & HermanuadiD. (2020). Critical Factors and Institutional Role in Strengthening Capacity of National Parks: Analysis of Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia Using Interpretative Structural Modeling. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 26(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.26.1.44
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