Efficacy of Chitosan as Pb Remover and its Effect on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Development
Abstract
Chitosan is a by-product from crustacean carapas. Chitosan has a cationic polyelectrolyte activity, hence it can be used as remover of heavy metal from polluted water. This study was aimed to determine optimum concentration of chitosan to remove Pb, efficacy time in Pb removal and its effect on early development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The treatments in this study was control, and chitosan concentration of 70, 85 and 100 mg/L. the results of this study showed that maximum reducing of Pb was obtained at the time of 48 and 72 hours after treatment by chitosan, but Pb level was returning to increase after 96 hours of chitosan treatment. Abnormality of zebrafish embryos and survival rate of larvae were similar (p>0.05) among treatments, while hatching rate in 100 g/L chitosan was significantly different (p≤0.05). Thus, chitosan in concentration of 85 mg/L was effective to remove Pb till 81.12% for 3 days, and could increased hatching rate till 59.75%.
Keywords: chitosan, Pb, remover, zebrafish, Danio rerio
ABSTRAK
Khitosan merupakan hasil sampingan dari limbah perikanan berupa kulit krustasea. Dengan adanya sifat polielektrolit kation dari khitosan, maka khitosan dapat digunakan sebagai pengkhelat logam berat dalam perairan tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi optimum khitosan dalam mengkhelat logam berat timbal (Pb), waktu efektivitas khitosan dalam pengkhelatan Pb dan pengaruhnya terhadap telur ikan zebra Danio rerio. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini antara lain kontrol, blanko, khitosan konsentrasi 70, 85 dan 100 mg/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan maksimal persentase Pb masing-masing perlakuan khitosan terjadi pada jam ke-48 dan jam ke-72, namun kembali meningkat pada jam ke-96 hingga akhir perlakuan. Abnormalitas telur dan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan zebra pada setiap perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata (P ≥ 0.05), namun derajat penetasan telur ikan pada perlakuan 100 mg/l berbeda nyata (P ≤ 0.05). Dengan demikian, konsentrasi khitosan yang efektif untuk mengkhelat Pb adalah 85 mg/liter hingga 81,12% dengan waktu efektivitas selama 3 hari, serta dapat meningkatkan derajat penetasan telur ikan zebra hingga 59,75%.
Kata kunci: khitosan, timbal, pengkhelat, ikan zebra, Danio rerio
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