The Role of Calyx and Fruit Extract of Mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris (L) on Infection by Bacteria Vibrio harveyi in Shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Bacteriological disease that caused by bacteria V. Harveyi often lead to any damage in shrimp cultivation. The study of the role of calyx and fruit extract of mangrove S. Caseolaaaris (L) for preventation and healing on infection by bacteria V. Harveyi to shrimp (P.monodon Fab) have conducted. Dosage level that applied in this study, both preventation and healing is 100 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively, obtained in the result of the preventation and healing experiment. For hemocyt, percent of granulosit increased and decrease for percent of hialin, contrastly if compared with control. Application of mangrove extract can also increase the resistence of shrimp after infectedby bacteria V. harveyi and decreasing of bacteria level in the body of shrimp. By histological observation, appearing normality of digestion system with the rich of food in digestion tract after application of mangrove S. caseolaris (L) can applicated for preventation and healing to infection of bacteria V. harveyi to shrimp.
Key words : Bacterial infection, Vibrio harveyi, Sonneratia caseolaris, tiger shrimp.
ABSTRAK
Penyakit bakterial yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio sering menimbulkan masalah pada budidaya udang. Penelitian untuk mengetahui peranan ekstrak kelopak dan buah mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris (L), untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan terhadap infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi pada udang windu (Penaeus monodon Fab.) telah dilakukan. Dosis yang digunakan pada percobaan ini adalah 100 ppm untuk pencegahan dan 200 ppm untuk pengobatan. Didapatkan hasil pada percobaan pencegahan dan pengobatan untuk jenis hemosit terjadi kenaikan persentase granulosit dan penurunan persentase hialin dan bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol hal ini terjadi sebaliknya. Pemberian ekstrak mangrove juga meningkatkan ketahanan hidup udang windu setelah diinfeksi dengan bakteri V. harveyi dan penurunan jumlah bakteri yang terdapat pada tubuh udang. Gambaran pengamatan histologis memperlihatkan terjadinya kenormalan pada organ pencernaan dengan penuhnya saluran pencernaan oleh pakan setelah pemberian ekstrak mangrove. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kelopak dan buah mangrove (S. caseolaris) dapat dipergunakan untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan terhadap infeksi bakteri V. harveyi pada udang windu.
Kata kunci : Infeksi bakteri, Vibrio harveyi, Sonneratia caseolaris, udang windu.
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