Growth performance and immune response of catfish Clarias sp. given probiotics Bacillus megaterium PTB 1.4 and Pediococcus pentosaceus E2211

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Motile aeromonad septicaemia (MAS) in catfish can be done by improving the immune responses through probiotic administration. Co-administering probiotics producing digestive enzymes are expected to have an impact on fish growth. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectivity of probiotics B. megaterium PTB 1.4 and P. pentosaceus E2211 to improve the growth performance and immune response of catfish infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. Catfish with the initial body weight of 7.36 ± 0.21 g were reared in a pond. This study was conducted with five treatments, i. e. K- (without probiotic addition and A. hydrophila injection), K+ (no probiotic addition with A. hydrophila injection), Bm (B. megaterium PTB 1.4 addition and A. hydrophila injection), Pp (P. pentosaceus E2211 addition and A. hydrophila injection), and Bm+Pp (B. megaterium  PTB 1.4 addition and P. pentosaceus E2211 and A. hydrophila injection). The study results showed that Bm, Pp, and Bm+Pp treatments were able to improve the growth performance of catfish including digestive enzyme activity, daily growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and final biomass with the best results was Bm+Pp treatment. The immune response of catfish before and after the challenge test showed better survival rate, higher total leukocytes, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, and lysozyme activity on Bm, Pp, and Bm+Pp treatment (P<0.05) than the control treatment. In conclusion, the combination of probiotics B. megaterium PTB 1.4 and P. pentosaceus E2211 in feed synergistically improved the growth performance and immune response on catfish against A. hydrophila infection.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, catfish, growth performance, immune response, probiotics

ABSTRAK

Motile aeromonad septicaemia (MAS) pada ikan lele dapat dikendalikan melalui respons imun inang dengan pemberian probiotik. Pemberian bersama probiotik penghasil enzim pencernaan diharapkan dapat berdampak pada pertumbuhan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas pemberian probiotik B. megaterium PTB 1.4 dan P. pentosaceus E2211 terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan respons imun ikan lele terhadap infeksi A. hydrophila. Ikan lele dengan bobot 7.36 ± 0.21 g dipelihara pada kolam beton yang diberi waring. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu: K- (tanpa probiotik dan tanpa diinjeksi A. hydrophila), K+ (tanpa probiotik dan diinjeksi A. hydrophila), Bm (diberi B. megaterium PTB 1.4 dan diinjeksi A. hydrophila), Pp (diberi P. pentosaceus E2211 dan diinjeksi A. hydrophila), dan Bm+Pp (diberi B. megaterium PTB 1.4 dan P. pentosaceus E2211 dan diinjeksi A. hydrophila). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan Bm, Pp, dan Bm+Pp mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan lele. Aktivitas enzim pencernaan, laju pertumbuhan harian, rasio konversi pakan, dan biomassa panen dengan hasil terbaik yaitu perlakuan Bm+Pp. Respons imun ikan lele dengan kombinasi probiotik B. megaterium PTB 1.4 dan P. pentosaceus E2211 mampu meningkatkan sintasan, total leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis, respiratory burst, dan aktivitas lisozim, baik pada sebelum dan setelah uji tantang. Pemberian kombinasi probiotik B. megaterium PTB 1.4 dan P. pentosaceus E2211 pada pakan mampu bekerja sinergis dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan respons imun ikan lele terhadap infeksi A. hydrophila.

Kata kunci: A. hydrophila, ikan lele, kinerja pertumbuhan, probiotik, respons imun