1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol Glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) in Broiler Breeder Diets and Its Influence on Broiler Chicken Growth
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) supplementation on performance, carcass yield, carcass cuts, intestinal histomorphometry, bone health, and gene expression in broiler chickens from broiler breeders. A total of 1,152 one-day-old male Ross 308 AP chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. One of the experimental factors was the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)2D3-G (0 or 100 mg/kg) in the diets of broiler breeders between 21 and 30 weeks of age. The second experimental factor consisted of three levels of 1,25(OH)2D3-G supplementation (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) in the broiler chicken diets from day 1 to day 21, followed by a standard commercial diet from day 22 to day 42. The study totaled six treatments with eight replicates and 24 birds per experimental unit. Performance, carcass and cut yields, as well as tibial breaking strength and composition, were evaluated in broiler chickens at 21 and 42 days. Intestinal histomorphometry and gene expression were assessed at 21 days, while tibial dyschondroplasia was analyzed at 42 days. Broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G showed higher hatch weight, better feed conversion, improved intestinal morphology, and greater carcass yield. However, this supplementation did not enhance calcium and phosphorus deposition in the tibia, resulting in reduced bone strength. It is concluded that broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G show better growth performance at 21 and 42 days.
Full text article
References
Abascal-Ponciano, G. A., Leiva, S. F., Flees, J. J., Avila, L. P., Starkey, J. D., & Starkey, C. W. (2022). Dietary 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 supplementation modulates intestinal cytokines in young broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.947276
Adhikari, R., White, D., House, J. D., & Kim, W. K. (2020). Effects of additional dosage of vitamin D3, vitamin D2, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on calcium and phosphorus utilization, egg quality and bone mineralization in laying hens. Poultry Science, 99(1), 364–373. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez502
Alves, O. dos S., Calixto, L. F. L., Araujo, A. H. B., Torres-Cordido, K. A. A., Reis, T. L., & Calderano, A. A. (2018). Decreased levels of vitamin D3 and supplementation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-glycoside on performance, carcass yield and bone quality in broiler chickens. Ciência Rural, 48(8). https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170705
Araujo, L. F., Araujo, C. S. S., Pereira, R. J. G., Bittencourt, L. C., Silva, C. C., Cisneros, F., Hermes, R. G., Sartore, Y.G. A., & Dias, M. T. (2019). The dietary supplementation of canthaxanthin in combination with 25OHD3 results in reproductive, performance, and progeny quality gains in broiler breeders. Poultry Science, 98(11), 5801–5808. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez377
Asnayanti, A., Alharbi, K., Do, A. D. T., Al-Mitib, L., Bühler, K., Van der Klis, J. D., Gonzalez, J., Kidd, M. T., & Alrubaye, A. A. K. (2024). Early 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-glycosides supplementation: an efficient feeding strategy against bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis lameness in broiler chickens assessed by using an aerosol transmission model. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 33(3), 100440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2024.100440
Aye-Cho, T.-Z., Sadiq, M. B., Srichana, P., & Anal, A. K. (2020). Vitamin D3 enhanced intestinal phosphate cotransporter genes in young and growing broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 99(4), 2041–2047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.038
Babazadeh, D., Razavi, S. A., Abd El-Ghany, W. A., & F Cotter, P. (2022). Vitamin D deficiency in farm animals: a review. Farm Animal Health and Nutrition, 1(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.58803/fahn.v1i1.7
Badri, F., El-Wardany, I., Anwar, H., Ghonime, M., & Ali, R. (2023). In ovo injection of vitamin D3 to promote post-hatch performance, intestine histomorphology, bone characteristics, and blood constituents of broiler chickens. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 26(3), 365–374. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejnf.2023.332914
Barnkob, L. L., Argyraki, A., & Jakobsen, J. (2020). Naturally enhanced eggs as a source of vitamin D: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 102, 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.018
Castro, F. L. de S., Baião, N. C., Ecco, R., Louzada, M. J. Q., Melo, É. de F., Saldanha, M. M., Triginelli, M. V., & Lara, L. J. C. (2018). Effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and reduced vitamin D3 level on broiler performance and bone quality. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 47(0). https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170186
Chou, P.-C., Lin, P.-C., Wu, S.-W., Wang, C.-K., Chung, T.-K., Walzem, R. L., Lai, L.-S., & Chen, S.-E. (2021). Differential modulation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on innate immunity of broiler breeder hens. Animals, 11(6), 1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061742
Edwards, H. M. (1989). The Effect of dietary cholecalciferol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on the development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens in the absence and presence of disulfiram. Journal of Nutrition 119:647–652. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/119.4.647
Fatemi, S. A., Elliott, K. E. C., Bello, A., Durojaye, O. A., Zhang, H.-J., & Peebles, E. D. (2020). The effects of in ovo injected vitamin D3 sources on the eggshell temperature and early posthatch performance of Ross 708 broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 99(3), 1357–1362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.055
Fatemi, S. A., Elliott, K. E. C., Bello, A., & Peebles, E. D. (2021). Effects of the in ovo injection of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in Ross 708 broiler chickens subsequently challenged with coccidiosis. I. performance, meat yield and intestinal lesion incidence1,2,3. Poultry Science, 100(10), 101382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101382
Fatemi, S. A., Elliott, K. E. C., Macklin, K. S., Bello, A., & Peebles, E. D. (2022). Effects of the in ovo injection of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in Ross 708 broiler chickens subsequently challenged with coccidiosis: II immunological and inflammatory responses and small intestine histomorphology. Animals, 12(8), 1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12081027
Fatemi, S. A., Levy, A. W., & Peebles, E. D. (2024). Ross 708 broiler small intestine morphology and immunity improvements in response to in ovo Marek’s Disease vaccine administration alone or in conjunction with in ovo and dietary supplemental calcifediol. Poultry Science, 103(10), 104098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104098
Gao, H., Zhao, X., Guo, Y., Li, Z., & Zhou, Z. (2024). Coated sodium butyrate and vitamin D3 supplementation improve gut health through influencing intestinal immunity, barrier, and microflora in early‐stage broiler chickens. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 104(7), 4058–4069. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.13288
Gil, Á., Plaza-Diaz, J., & Mesa, M. D. (2018). Vitamin D: classic and novel actions. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 72(2), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486536
Gili, V., Pardo, V. G., Ronda, A. C., De Genaro, P., Bachmann, H., Boland, R., & de Boland, A. R. (2016). In vitro effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3-glycosides from Solbone A (Solanum glaucophyllum leaves extract; Herbonis AG) compared to synthetic 1α,25(OH)2D3 on myogenesis. Steroids, 109, 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.002
Han, J., Wu, L., Lv, X., Liu, M., Zhang, Y., He, L., Hao, J., Xi, L., Qu, H., Shi, C., Li, Z., Wang, Z., Tang, F., & Qiao, Y. (2022). Intestinal segment and vitamin D3 concentration affect gene expression levels of calcium and phosphorus transporters in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2022.e78
Han, J., Lv, X., He, L., Liu, M., Qu, H., Xi, L., Zhang, L., Ma, B., Shi, C., Yang, G., & Wang, Z. (2024). MAPK signaling pathway participates in the regulation of intestinal phosphorus and calcium absorption in broiler chickens via 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Poultry Science, 103(10), 104052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104052
Hsiao, F. S.-H., Cheng, Y.-H., Han, J.-C., Chang, M.-H., & Yu, Y.-H. (2018). Effect of different vitamin D3 metabolites on intestinal calcium homeostasis-related gene expression in broiler chickens. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 47(0). https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170015
Hurst, E. A., Homer, N. Z., & Mellanby, R. J. (2020). Vitamin D metabolism and profiling in veterinary species. Metabolites, 10(9), 371. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10090371
Ismailova, A., & White, J. H. (2022). Vitamin D, infections and immunity. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 23(2), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-021-09679-5
Kanaani, R., Kianfar., R., Janmohammadi., H., W. Olyaee, M. (2022). Influence of vitamin D3 and lactic acid on performance, egg quality, and hatchability in broiler breeder hens. Animal Production Research, 11, 67–81.
Kisielinski, K., Willis, S., Prescher, A., Klosterhalfen, B., & Schumpelick, V. (2002). A simple new method to calculate small intestine absorptive surface in the rat. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2(3), 131–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s102380200018
Kumar, R., Brar, R. S., & Banga, H. S. (2017). Hypervitaminosis D3 in broiler chicks: histopathological, immunomodulatory and immunohistochemical approach. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 18(3), 170–176.
Kumar, R., Singh Banga, H., & Singh Brar, R. (2023). Effects of dietary vitamin D3 over-supplementation on broiler chickens’ health; clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Journal of Veterinary Physiology and Pathology, 2(2), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.58803/jvpp.v2i2.21
Li, J., Yuan, J., Miao, Z., & Guo, Y. (2016). Effects of age on intestinal phosphate transport and biochemical values of broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(2), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0540
Li, D., Zhang, K., Bai, S., Wang, J., Zeng, Q., Peng, H., Su, Z., Xuan, Y., Qi, S., & Ding, X. (2021). Effect of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol with different vitamin D3 levels in the hens diet in the rearing period on growth performance, bone quality, egg production, and eggshell quality. Agriculture, 11(8), 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080698
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods, 25(4), 402–408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Luna, L. G. (1968). Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Lv, X., Hao, J., Wu, L., Liu, M., He, L., Qiao, Y., Cui, Y., Wang, G., Zhang, C., Qu, H., & Han, J. (2022). Age quadratically affects intestinal calcium and phosphorus transporter gene expression in broiler chickens. Animal Bioscience, 35(12), 1921–1928. https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.22.0058
Mathis, G., Boland, R., Bachmann, H., Toggenburger, A., & Rambeck, W. (2016). Safety profile of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of herbal origin in broiler chicken. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 158(12), 819–826. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00097
Nong, K., Liu, Y., Fang, X., Qin, X., Liu, Z., & Zhang, H. (2023). Effects of the vitamin D3 on alleviating the oxidative stress induced by diquat in Wenchang chickens. Animals, 13(4), 711. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13040711
Nunes, R. A., Duarte, M. de S., Campos, P. H. R. F., de Oliveira, L. L., e Silva, F. F., Kreuz, B. S., Mirabile, C. G., Borges, S. O., & Calderano, A. A. (2020). Active vitamin D3-glycoside preserves weight gain and modulates the inflammatory response in broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 270, 114704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114704
Ospina‐Rojas, I. C., Murakami, A. E., Duarte, C. R. A., Sakamoto, M. I., Aguihe, P. C., Pozza, P. C., & Santos, T. C. (2018). Tibiotarsus bone characteristics and tibial dyschondroplasia incidence of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with leucine and valine. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12832
Proszkowiec-Weglarz, M., Schreier, L. L., Miska, K. B., Angel, R., Kahl, S., & Russell, B. (2019). Effect of early neonatal development and delayed feeding post-hatch on jejunal and ileal calcium and phosphorus transporter genes expression in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 98(4), 1861–1871. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey546
Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C., Yitbarek, A., Cuperus, T., Echeverry, H., & van Dijk, A. (2016). The immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D in chickens is dose-dependent and influenced by calcium and phosphorus levels. Poultry Science, 95(11), 2547–2556. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew186
Rostagno, H. S., Albino, L. F. T., Hannas, M. I., Donzele, J. L., Sakomura, N. K., Perazzo, F. G.; Saraiva, A., Teixeira, M. L., Rodrigues, P. B., Oliveira, R. F., Barreto, S. L. T., Brito, C. O. (2017). Tabelas brasileiras de aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais 4: 448.
Sakomura, N. K., & Rostagno, S. H. (2016). Métodos de pesquisa em nutrição de monogástricos (FUNEP, Ed.; Vol. 2).
San, J., Zhang, Z., Bu, S., Zhang, M., Hu, J., Yang, J., & Wu, G. (2021). Changes in duodenal and nephritic Ca and P absorption in hens during different egg-laying periods. Heliyon, 7(1), e06081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06081
SAS Institute. (2014). SAS University Edition: Installation Guide for Windows. SAS Institute Inc. Retrieved April 20, 2024, from https://support.sas.com/documentation/installcenter/en/ueclientswn/67533/PDF/default/sasuniversityedition.pdf
Setiyaningsih, N., Jayanegara, A., & Wardani, W. W. (2023). Effects of a vitamins D and C supplement on performance, hatchability and blood profiles of broiler breeders. Journal of World’s Poultry Research. https://doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2023.7
Shojadoost, B., Yitbarek, A., Alizadeh, M., Kulkarni, R. R., Astill, J., Boodhoo, N., & Sharif, S. (2021). Centennial review: effects of vitamins A, D, E, and C on the chicken immune system. Poultry Science, 100(4), 100930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.027
Silva, D. J., & Queiroz, A. C. (2009). Análise de alimentos: métodos químicos e biológicos (3rd ed), Impresiana. Universitária da UFV, Viçosa, 235 p.
Souza, C. S., Vieites, F. M., Nunes, R. V., Brusamarelo, E., Reis, T. L., Lima, C. A. R. de, & Vargas Junior, J. G. de. (2020). Suplemento de 1,25-dihidroxicolecalciferol e redução de cálcio e fósforo disponível para frangos de corte fêmeas. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e119973975. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3975
Świątkiewicz, S., Arczewska-Włosek, A., Bederska-Lojewska, D., & Józefiak, D. (2017). Efficacy of dietary vitamin D and its metabolites in poultry - review and implications of the recent studies. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 73(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933916001057
Tizziani, T., Donzele, R. F. M. de O., Donzele, J. L., Silva, A. D., Muniz, J. C. L., Jacob, R. de F., Brumano, G., & Albino, L. F. T. (2019). Reduction of calcium levels in rations supplemented with vitamin D3 or 25-OH-D3 for broiler chickens. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 48. https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4820180253
Trautenmüller, H., Genova, J. L., Faria, A. B. B. de, Martins, J. S., Viana, S. C. M., Castilha, L. D., Gonçalves, A. C., Baraldi-Artoni, S. M., & Carvalho, P. L. de O. (2021). Bone traits and gastrointestinal tract parameters of piglets fed cholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol glycoside. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 50. https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020210098
Trautenmüller, H., Genova, J. L., Santos, L. B. de A. dos, Leal, I. F., Santos, G. de B., Rupolo, P. E., Nunes, R. V., Oliveira, E. R. de, & Carvalho, P. L. de O. (2022). Partial cholecalciferol replacement with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol glycoside in diets for piglets. Animal Production Science, 62(16), 1590–1599. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN21150
Vandesompele, J., De Preter, K., Pattyn, F., Poppe, B., Van Roy, N., De Paepe, A., & Speleman, F. (2002). Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biology, 3(7), research0034.1. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-7-research0034
Vieites, F. M., Drosghic, L. C. A. B., Souza, C. S., Vargas Júnior, J. G., Nunes, R. V., Moraes, G. H. K. de, Corrêa, G. S. S., & Caramori Júnior, J. G. (2016). Características ósseas de frangos de corte alimentados com rações suplementadas com Solanum glaucophyllum. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 37(1), 381. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n1p381
Vieites, F. M., Drosghic, L. C. A. B., Souza, C. S., Lima, C. A. R., Moraes, G. H. K., Nunes, R. V., Vasconcellos, C. H. F., & Vargas Júnior, J. G. (2017). 1,25-dihidroxivitamina-D3 sobre as características ósseas de frangos de corte fêmeas. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 69(5), 1285–1293. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9371
Vieites, F. M., Brusamarelo, E., Corrêa, G. da S. S., Souza, C. S., De Oliveira, C. F. S., De Moraes, G. H. K., & Caramori Júnior, J. G. (2018). 1,25-dihidroxicolecalciferol de origem herbal (Solanum glaucophyllum) mantém o desempenho e a qualidade óssea de frangos de corte fêmeas durante restrição de cálcio e fósforo. Archivos de Zootecnia, 67(259), 414–419. https://doi.org/10.21071/az.v67i259.3799
Wang, Y. B., Chen, F., Gou, Z. Y., Li, L., Lin, X. J., Zhang, S., & Jiang, S. Q. (2021). Requirement of Vitamin D3 on fast-growing yellow-feathered breeder hens. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 54(16), 3549–3560.
Wei, J., Li, L., Peng, Y., Luo, J., Chen, T., Xi, Q., Zhang, Y., & Sun, J. (2024). the effects of optimal dietary vitamin D3 on growth and carcass performance, tibia traits, meat quality, and intestinal morphology of Chinese yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Animals, 14(6), 920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14060920
Wen, J., Livingston, K. A., & Persia, M. E. (2019). Effect of high concentrations of dietary vitamin D3 on pullet and laying hen performance, skeleton health, eggshell quality, and yolk vitamin D3 content when fed to W36 laying hens from day of hatch until 68 wk of age. Poultry Science, 98(12), 6713–6720. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez386
Wu, L., Wang, X., Lv, X., He, L., Qu, H., Shi, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, J., Wang, Z., & Han, J. (2022). 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol improved the growth performance and upregulated the calcium transporter gene expression levels in the small intestine of broiler chickens. The Journal of Poultry Science, 59(2), 0210019. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0210019
Yavaş, İ., Çenesiz, A. A., & Ceylan, N. (2020). Effects of herbal vitamin D3 and phytase supplementation to broiler feed on performance, bone development and serum parameters of broiler chickens. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.479182
Yusuf, G. M., Sumiati, S., Mutia, R., Wardani, W. W., Akbar, I., & Putri, N. D. S. (2023). Performance, egg quality, bone health, and immunity assessments of lohmann laying hens supplemented with vitamin D3 in the diet. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 46(4), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.461
Authors
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that copyright of manuscripts of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Tropical Animal Science Journal. The statement to release the copyright to Tropical Animal Science Journal is stated in Form A. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA) where Authors and Readers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, but they must give appropriate credit (cite to the article or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
Article Details
How to Cite
