Kegagalan Dinamika Partisipatif Kelompok Peternak: Analisis Interaksi, Kelembagaan, dan Peran Pendamping
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25015/22202674122Keywords:
dinamika partisipatif, kelompok peternak, kelembagaan sosial, modal sosial, penyuluhan partisipatifAbstract
Partisipasi merupakan unsur penting dalam keberhasilan pengembangan peternakan berbasis kelompok dan program penyuluhan. Namun, sebagian kelompok peternak menghadapi rendahnya partisipasi anggota, lemahnya kelembagaan, konflik internal, dan persoalan keberlanjutan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kegagalan dinamika partisipatif pada Kelompok Balai Ternak “Buangsa” di Desa Belendung, Kecamatan Cibogo, Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Informan dipilih secara purposive dan mencakup ketua kelompok, anggota aktif, anggota kurang aktif, mantan anggota, dan pendamping program. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara interaktif menggunakan kerangka Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña serta analisis tematik Braun dan Clarke. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kemunduran dinamika partisipatif berkaitan dengan komunikasi yang kurang dialogis, dominasi pengambilan keputusan oleh anggota inti, lemahnya struktur kelembagaan dan kontrol sosial, konflik internal yang mengikis kepercayaan, tekanan ekonomi rumah tangga, serta pendekatan pendampingan yang masih teknokratis. Kondisi tersebut berkaitan dengan partisipasi semu, melemahnya kohesi kelompok, menguatnya orientasi individual, dan rendahnya keberlanjutan kelompok. Penelitian menegaskan pentingnya integrasi komunikasi partisipatif, penguatan kelembagaan dan modal sosial, serta pendampingan berbasis pemberdayaan dalam pengembangan kelompok peternak
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