Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Berbasis Potensi Lokal: dari Plasma Menuju Wirausaha Mandiri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25015/22202668611Keywords:
kemandirian ekonomi, kemiskinan pedesaan, pemberdayaan masyarakat, potensi lokal, wirausaha mandiriAbstract
Kemiskinan di pedesaan merupakan persoalan multidimensional yang tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan ekonomi, tetapi juga faktor sosial dan budaya. Desa Sembuluh II di Kalimantan Tengah menjadi contoh nyata, di mana potensi alamnya kaya dan semua keluarga memperoleh bantuan hasil plasma sawit. Namun masyarakat Desa Sembuluh II umumnya masih belum sejahtera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami konstruksi makna kemiskinan pedesaan, mengeksplorasi dan menafsirkan potensi lokal sebagai basis usaha produktif, serta mengonstruksi secara partisipatif strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis potensi lokal yang adaptif dan berkelanjutan. Pendekatan konstruktivis dengan metode kualitatif digunakan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi, dengan informan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemiskinan masyarakat desa dipengaruhi oleh ketergantungan pada bantuan plasma sawit, lemahnya kelembagaan dan akses ekonomi, serta rendahnya aspirasi kewirausahaan sehingga potensi lokal belum termanfaatkan secara optimal. Strategi pemberdayaan melalui identifikasi potensi lokal, penyadaran, pembentukan kelompok usaha, dan pembinaan berkelanjutan dengan dukungan multipihak, guna mendorong transformasi dari ketergantungan plasma sawit menuju wirausaha mandiri berkelanjutan.
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