Analisis Indeks Kualitas Tanah dan Hubungannya dengan Prdoduktivitas Tanaman Buah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jitl.27.2.63-69Kata Kunci:
parameter tanah utama, pertumbuhan tanaman dan produktivitasAbstrak
Kualitas tanah merupakan salah satu faktor krusial yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi tanaman. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu asesmen yang mengintegrasikan karakteristik tanah guna memperoleh gambaran menyeluruh tentang kualitas tanah dalam bentuk Indeks Kualitas Tanah (IKT), yang secara akurat dapat merefleksikan produktivitas tanah. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menentukan IKT serta hubungannya dengan produktivitas tanaman buah telah dilaksanakan di tujuh lokasi dengan karakteristik tanah yang berbeda. Ketujuh lokasi tersebut mencakup SMK PP Saree dan SMKN Nisam di Provinsi Aceh, SMKN Gelumbang dan SMKN Banyuasin 3 di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, SMKN Metro dan SMKN Gedong Tataan di Provinsi Lampung, serta SMKN Kelapa di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Analisis IKT dilakukan dengan menggunakan delapan karakteristik tanah yang memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman, yaitu kedalaman efektif, tekstur, bobot isi, pH, kandungan bahan organik, kapasitas tukar kation, serta kejenuhan basa sebagai parameter indikator. Setiap parameter diberikan skor dalam rentang 0 hingga 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IKT yang diperoleh dari delapan parameter utama secara akurat mencerminkan kualitas tanah. Tanah yang dianalisis memiliki kualitas yang tergolong sedang hingga sangat baik, dengan kandungan bahan organik yang rendah serta kapasitas tukar kation sebagai faktor pembatas utama. Indeks Kualitas Tanah yang diperoleh menunjukkan korelasi yang sangat baik dengan performa tanaman buah, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,832.
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