Morphometric characteristics and chemical composition of peanut worm (Sipunculus nudus) from Waters of Konawe Islands Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Karakteristik morfometrik dan komposisi kimia cacing kacang (<i>Sipunculus nudus</i>) dari Perairan Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
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palmitic acid, peanut worm, proximate, sodium, yield
Abstract
Peanut worms (Sipunculus nudus) are marine benthic organisms that are promising locally sourced alternative functional foods for communities in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Integrated morphometric characteristics and chemical composition data on peanut worms sourced from the Konawe Islands Regency in Southeast Sulawesi are limited. This study aimed to determine the morphometric characteristics and chemical composition, including the proximate, mineral, and fatty acid profiles, of S. nudus from the waters of the Konawe Islands Regency. This study employed an experimental approach using an independent samples t-test consisting of two treatments: fresh and dried, each with three replicates. The results showed that S. nudus had average morphometric values of length 12.36 cm, diameter 2.97 cm, and weight 46.40 g, with a meat yield of 34.62%. Sun-drying reduces moisture and carbohydrate levels but increases the relative proportion of protein, fat, ash, minerals, and fatty acids owing to concentration. This increase from fresh to dried samples is shown in the protein content from 17.83% to 80.32%, ash content from 1.74% to 7.34%, and fat content from 0.22% to 0.76%. Sodium had the highest mineral content in both fresh and dried peanut worms, with values of 38,725 mg/kg and 56,820 mg/kg, respectively. Fourteen fatty acids were identified in the sample, consisting of eight SFAs, three monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and three polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Palmitic acid was the most abundant SFA at 1.76%, whereas oleic acid (MUFA) and linoleic acid (PUFA) were present at 0.22% and 0.21%, respectively. These findings confirm S. nudus as an alternative functional food source derived from local marine biota.
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