The Role of Social Capital in Developing Smallholders’ Beef Cattle in Bengkulu
Keywords:
beef cattle, cattle sharing patterns, farmer group, social capital
Abstract
The government continues developing the smallholder beef cattle through various programs to reduce beef imports and increase farmers’ income. This research aims to describe the role of social capital at the farmer group level in the development of smallholder beef cattle in Bengkulu. The research was conducted from August to December in 2020 with an in-depth interview method involving 3 farmer groups receiving beef cattle aid from the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health of Bengkulu Province. The identification of social capital (norms, trusts, and networks) that affects the development of livestock populations and increases the capacity of farmer groups is analyzed descriptively using an interactive model. The results show that social capital has an important role in developing the capacity of the farmer groups to manage livestock aid, namely (1) the norm of raising livestock with a profit sharing system causes an increase farmer group’s livestock population, (2) the trust of farmer groups members is influenced by social ties and the role of farmer group leader, and (3) a good network of cooperation within farmer groups increases social capital and livestock population.
References
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Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research (Third Ed., pp. 191–215). SAGE Publication.
Hadi, S. (2014). Profil modal sosial dan tingkat partisipasi peternak pada pengembangan sapi potong di Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi. Kanal, 2(2), 107–206.
Hadi, S., Firmansyah, Afriani, H., Islamiati, & Salindra, S. (2018). Pengembangan kelompok tani ternak sapi berdasarkan modal sosial dan ekonomi di Provinsi Jambi. In A. H. S. Salendu, Lidya S. Kalangi, E. Wantasen, Ingriet D.R. Lumenta, J. S. Mandey, U. Paputungan, F. H. Elly, J. Hellywar, B. Guntoro, M. Sugiarto, A. Asnawi, S. O. B. Lombogia, S. I. Santoso, F. Oley, & T. D. F. Lumyi (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional PERSEPSI III (pp. 427–433). Unsrat Press.
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Leenders, R. (2014). Social capital. In R. Alhajj & J. Rokne (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining (pp. 1760–1770). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7131-2
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (Third Ed.). SAGE Publication.
Mudiarta, K. G. (2009). Jaringan sosial (networks) dalam pengembangan sistem dan usaha agribisnis: perspektif teori dan dinamika studi kapital sosial. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v27n1.2009.1-12
Nasution, A. (2016). Peranan modal sosial dalam pengurangan kemiskinan rumah tangga di perdesaan Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik, 7(2), 171–183.
Nuhung, I. A. (2015). Kinerja, kendala, dan strategi pencapaian swasembada daging sapi. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 33(1), 63–80.
Pratisthita, R. N., Munandar, M., & Homzah, S. (2014). Peran modal sosial dalam menunjang dinamika kelompok peternak sapi perah (studi kasus di Kelompok 3 TPK Pulosari Pengalengan). Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 1(10), 52–57.
Pujiharto, S., Maryunani, & Manzilati, A. (2018). Identifikasi Modal Sosial Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan. Sosio Konsepsia, 8(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v8i1.1539
Purnomo, S. H., Rahayu, E. T., & Antoro, S. B. (2017). Strategi pengembangan sapi potong rakyat di Kecamatan Wuryantoro Kabupaten Wonogiri. Buletin Peternakan, 41(4), 484–494. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i4.22861
Purnomo, S. H., Rahayu, E. T., Sari, A. I., & Emawati, S. (2019). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions among beef cattle farmers in Boyolali Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 250(2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/250/1/012093
Pusdatin. (2019). Outlook Daging Sapi. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian - Kementerian Pertanian.
Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: the strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science and Politics, 28(4), 664–683. https://doi.org/10.2307/420517
Putra, R. A. R. S., Ariyadi, B., Kurniawati, N., & Haryadi, F. T. (2017). Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga peternak: studi kasus pada Kelompok Peternak Ayam Kampung Ngudi Mulyo, Gunungkidul. Buletin Peternakan, 41(3), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i3.18135
Rusdiana, S., & Soeharsono. (2017). Program SIWAB untuk meningkatkan populasi sapi potong dan nilai ekonomi usaha ternak. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 35(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v35n2.2017.125-137
Rusdiana, Supardi. (2019). Fenomena kebutuhan pangan asal daging dapat dipenuhi melalui peningkatan usaha sapi potong di petani. SOCA, 13(1), 61–83. https://doi.org/10.24843/soca.2019.v13.i01.p06
Setianto, N. A. (2016). Kajian kualitatif dampak bantuan pemerintah pada peternakan sapi potong menggunakan pendekatan model. Jurnal Agripet, 16(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v16i2.5696
Syahra, R. (2003). Modal sosial: konsep dan aplikasi. Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya, 5(1), 1–22.
Widiati, R. (2014). Membangun industri peternakan sapi potong rakyat dalam mendukung kecukupan daging sapi. 24(4), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v24i4.1090
Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (Third Ed.). SAGE Publications.
Andriati, & Rahmawati, T. (2018). Analisis percepatan adopsi sistem integrasi sapi-kelapa sawit untuk penggemukan sapi potong dengan pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process. JPPTP, 21(3), 11–23.
BPS. (2015). Analisis Tematik ST2013 Subsektor Agribisnis Usaha Rumah Tangga Budidaya Sapi dan Target Swasembada. Badan Pusat Statistik.
BPS. (2018). Distribusi Perdagangan Komoditas Daging Sapi Indonesia Tahun 2018. Badan Pusat Statistik.
Burrow, H. (2019). Strategies for increasing beef cattle production under dryland farming systems. Wartazoa, 29(4), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v29i4.2452
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. AJS, 94, S95–S120.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (Second Ed.). SAGE Publication.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). Introduction: the discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research (Third Ed., pp. 1–32). SAGE Publication.
Ditjen PKH. (2010). Petunjuk Teknis Pengembangan Ternak Ruminansia Potong Tahun 2019. Direktorat Perbibitan dan Produksi Ternak - Kementerian Pertanian.
Fathy, R. (2019). Modal sosial: konsep, inklusivitas dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. JPS, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.22146/jps.v6i1.47463
Fukuyama, F. (2001). Social capital, civil society and development. Third World Quarterly, 22(1), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/713701144
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research (Third Ed., pp. 191–215). SAGE Publication.
Hadi, S. (2014). Profil modal sosial dan tingkat partisipasi peternak pada pengembangan sapi potong di Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi. Kanal, 2(2), 107–206.
Hadi, S., Firmansyah, Afriani, H., Islamiati, & Salindra, S. (2018). Pengembangan kelompok tani ternak sapi berdasarkan modal sosial dan ekonomi di Provinsi Jambi. In A. H. S. Salendu, Lidya S. Kalangi, E. Wantasen, Ingriet D.R. Lumenta, J. S. Mandey, U. Paputungan, F. H. Elly, J. Hellywar, B. Guntoro, M. Sugiarto, A. Asnawi, S. O. B. Lombogia, S. I. Santoso, F. Oley, & T. D. F. Lumyi (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional PERSEPSI III (pp. 427–433). Unsrat Press.
Handayanta, E., Rahayu, E. T., & Sumiyati, M. (2016). Analisis finansial usaha peternakan pembibitan sapi potong rakyat di daerah pertanian lahan kering – studi kasus di wilayah Kecamatan Semin, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sains Peternakan, 14(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v14i1.8770
Hermanto, & Swastika, D. K. S. (2011). Penguatan kelompok tani: langkah awal peningkatan kesejahteraan petani. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 9(4), 371–390.
Hermawan, A., & Kurnianto, H. (2020). Arisan dan ’keprukan’sebagai inovasi kelembagaan perbibitan ternak sapi potong. In A. S. Romdon, A. Rifai, P. Sudrajat, F. R. Prasetyo, N. P. I. Arianingsih, & Komalawati (Eds.), Prosiding Seminas Nasional Kesiapan Sumber Daya Pertanian dan Inovasi Spesifik Lokasi memasuki Era Industri 4.0 (pp. 347–351). BBP2TP.
Ishak, A., Firison, J., & Harwanto. (2017). Keberlanjutan pola penggaduhan ternak sapi potong pada tingkat kelompok tani di Kabupaten Mukomuko, Provinsi Bengkulu. In W. Puastuti, S. Muharsini, I. Inounu, B. Tiesnamurti, E. Kusumaningtyas, E. Wina, T. Herawati, Hartati, & R. Hutasoit (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner (pp. 209–218). IAARD Press.
Leenders, R. (2014). Social capital. In R. Alhajj & J. Rokne (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining (pp. 1760–1770). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7131-2
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (Third Ed.). SAGE Publication.
Mudiarta, K. G. (2009). Jaringan sosial (networks) dalam pengembangan sistem dan usaha agribisnis: perspektif teori dan dinamika studi kapital sosial. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v27n1.2009.1-12
Nasution, A. (2016). Peranan modal sosial dalam pengurangan kemiskinan rumah tangga di perdesaan Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik, 7(2), 171–183.
Nuhung, I. A. (2015). Kinerja, kendala, dan strategi pencapaian swasembada daging sapi. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 33(1), 63–80.
Pratisthita, R. N., Munandar, M., & Homzah, S. (2014). Peran modal sosial dalam menunjang dinamika kelompok peternak sapi perah (studi kasus di Kelompok 3 TPK Pulosari Pengalengan). Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 1(10), 52–57.
Pujiharto, S., Maryunani, & Manzilati, A. (2018). Identifikasi Modal Sosial Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan. Sosio Konsepsia, 8(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v8i1.1539
Purnomo, S. H., Rahayu, E. T., & Antoro, S. B. (2017). Strategi pengembangan sapi potong rakyat di Kecamatan Wuryantoro Kabupaten Wonogiri. Buletin Peternakan, 41(4), 484–494. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i4.22861
Purnomo, S. H., Rahayu, E. T., Sari, A. I., & Emawati, S. (2019). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions among beef cattle farmers in Boyolali Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 250(2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/250/1/012093
Pusdatin. (2019). Outlook Daging Sapi. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian - Kementerian Pertanian.
Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: the strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science and Politics, 28(4), 664–683. https://doi.org/10.2307/420517
Putra, R. A. R. S., Ariyadi, B., Kurniawati, N., & Haryadi, F. T. (2017). Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga peternak: studi kasus pada Kelompok Peternak Ayam Kampung Ngudi Mulyo, Gunungkidul. Buletin Peternakan, 41(3), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i3.18135
Rusdiana, S., & Soeharsono. (2017). Program SIWAB untuk meningkatkan populasi sapi potong dan nilai ekonomi usaha ternak. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 35(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v35n2.2017.125-137
Rusdiana, Supardi. (2019). Fenomena kebutuhan pangan asal daging dapat dipenuhi melalui peningkatan usaha sapi potong di petani. SOCA, 13(1), 61–83. https://doi.org/10.24843/soca.2019.v13.i01.p06
Setianto, N. A. (2016). Kajian kualitatif dampak bantuan pemerintah pada peternakan sapi potong menggunakan pendekatan model. Jurnal Agripet, 16(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v16i2.5696
Syahra, R. (2003). Modal sosial: konsep dan aplikasi. Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya, 5(1), 1–22.
Widiati, R. (2014). Membangun industri peternakan sapi potong rakyat dalam mendukung kecukupan daging sapi. 24(4), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v24i4.1090
Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (Third Ed.). SAGE Publications.
Published
2021-04-05
How to Cite
IshakA., RamonE., EfendiZ., WulandariW. A., KusnadiH., FauziE., & SastroY. (2021). The Role of Social Capital in Developing Smallholders’ Beef Cattle in Bengkulu. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 8(3), 194-204. https://doi.org/10.22500/8202034481
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