Role of Fisher Group in The Fisheries Development in Sadeng Coast Gunungkidul Regency
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This research aims to understand the role of a fisher group as learning class, cooperation media, production units, and business units in the development of fisheries in Sadeng Coast. The survey was conducted in March-June 2014. Selected fisher group was Kelompok Nelayan Tangkap Mina Raharjo, as the main group of fisher in Sadeng. Responden with amount of 30 fishers were taken randomly as the samples. The research results showed that fisher group has been performing its good role as learning class and cooperation media, less role as a production units, and lack of role as a bussines unit. The existence of fisher group raises knowledge-skills, access to productive resources, and information related to capital, market, technology and network to its members, and finally triger positive impact on the rising of fisheries productivity. New goverment initiative on the promotion of collective-based business (Kelompok Usaha Bersama or KUB) through its program so-called Fisheries for Rural Business Development Program (Pengembangan Usaha Mina Pedesaan or PUMP) lead fisher group, Kelompok Nelayan Tangkap Mina Raharjo, informally act as the coordinator group. This research also showed that the ability of fishers to organized theirself at a certain level indicate the independence and self-supported of fisher community. Thus, the fisher group can be reference model of rural development, especially coastal area.
Keywords: Fisher, Group, Gunungkidul, Rural Development
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kelompok nelayan sebagai kelas belajar, wahana kerjasama, unit produksi dan unit usaha serta mempelajari perkembangan dan pengaruh kelompok nelayan dalam perkembangan perikanan di Pantai Sadeng. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret – Juni 2014 dengan menggunakan metode survei. Penentuan kelompok nelayan dilakukan secara purposive yaitu Kelompok Nelayan Tangkap Mina Raharjo sebagai kelompok induk nelayan di Pantai Sadeng. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang responden yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum kelompok nelayan telah menjalankan perannya sebagai kelas belajar dan wahana kerjasama dengan baik, sebagai unit produksi dengan cukup baik, dan sebagai unit usaha dinilai kurang baik. Keberadaan kelompok berimplikasi pada meningkatnya pengetahuan-keterampilan, akses terhadap sumber-sumber produktif dan informasi terkait dengan modal, pasar, teknologi ataupun jaringan bagi anggota, yang kemudian berdampak positif terhadap produktivitas usaha perikanan. Tumbuhnya Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) akibat adanya Program Pengembangan Usaha Mina Pedesaan (PUMP) menyebabkan Kelompok Nelayan Tangkap Mina Raharjo secara informal berperan sebagai kelompok induk. Peran kelompok nelayan yang utama saat ini adalah sebagai rukun nelayan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan nelayan mengorganisasikan diri pada taraf tertentu menunjukkan karakter kemandirian dan keswadayaan komunitas nelayan. Dengan demikian, kelompok nelayan dapat menjadi refrensi model pembangunan di pedesaan, khususnya pada wilayah pesisir.
Kata kunci: Nelayan, Kelompok, Gunungkidul, Pembangunan Pedesaan
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