Peluang Bisnis dan Sumber Gizi Hewani dari Perikanan Produk Ikan Tangkap Lestari Kabupaten Buton Utara The Business Opportunity and Animal-Based Source of Nutrition from Sustainable Ocean Catch Fisheries of Buton Utara District
Abstrak
Potensi perikanan tangkap di perairan Indonesia memiliki peluang besar untuk mengembangkan industri produk laut dan mengurangi angka stunting, yang masih mencapai 21,6% pada tahun 2022. Konsumsi protein hewani dari hasil laut yang rendah, kurang dari 10 gram/hari, menjadi salah satu penyebab utama masalah kesehatan masyarakat ini, meskipun potensi hasil tangkapan mencapai lebih dari 10 juta ton per tahun. Potensi ini membuka peluang pasar untuk mengolah ikan seperti cakalang dan tuna, baik untuk kebutuhan lokal maupun memenuhi permintaan global yang mencapai 180,07 juta metrik ton. Kajian ini mengulas potensi sumber daya perikanan di wilayah Buton Utara sebagai upaya meningkatkan nilai ekonomi dan ketersediaan produk nutrisi berkualitas tinggi. Pengembangan produk perikanan olahan, baik dalam bentuk kering maupun awetan, dapat menjangkau pasar domestik dan internasional melalui penerapan standar keamanan pangan dan regulasi yang berlaku. Kolaborasi antara pemerintah, akademisi, kelompok nelayan, koperasi, dan organisasi non-profit menjadi kunci untuk merancang program berkelanjutan dan mengatasi hambatan di sektor perikanan. Pendekatan pengelolaan perikanan berkelanjutan, dengan penekanan pada praktik penangkapan selektif dan penentuan jumlah tangkapan optimal — yang dikenal sebagai Optimum Sustainable Yield (OSY) — memastikan keberlanjutan sumber daya laut untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penerapan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) dalam proses pascapanen dapat meningkatkan kualitas produk, memperpanjang masa simpan, serta meningkatkan nilai ekonomi hasil tangkapan, mendukung upaya nasional dalam memperbaiki status gizi dan mendorong kehidupan masyarakat yang lebih sehat dan produktif.
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