PROTEIN AND CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT OF MACROALGAE AT SEPANJANG BEACH, YOGYAKARTA
Article Sidebar
Accepted
30 July 2021
Published
31 August 2021
Keywords:
-
analysis proximate, Gunungkidul, intertidal zone, macroalgae, processed products
Abstract
Protein and carbohydrate content in macroalgae are required to optimize the utilization of macroalgae from Sepanjang Beach. This study aims to determine the protein and carbohydrate content of macroalgae at Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted in August-September 2020. The research materials included macroalgae of Ulva lactuta, Palmaria palmata, Sargassum crassifolium, Gelidium spinosum, Gelidiella acerosa, and Gracilaria verrucosa. The macroalgae was collected by purposive sampling in the intertidal zone of Sepanjang Beach. The protein content was analyzed by Biuret method, while the carbohydrate content by the difference method. Results showed that the highest protein and carbohydrate content was found in G. spinosum in central part of Sepanjang Beach at 3.08% and 19.38%, respectively. Based on these results, G. spinosum has the potential to be developed in various processed products with further research.
References
Ahmed, A.B.A., M. Adel, P. Karimi, & M. Peidayesh. 2014. Chapter ten - pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and traditional applications of marine carbohydrates. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 73: 197–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800268-1.00010-X
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1984. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th edition. AOAC International. Arlington, VA. 121 p.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1995. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th edition. AOAC International. Arlington, VA. 2 vols.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 2005. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 18th edition. AOAC International. Gaithersburg, Md. 1 vol.
Černá, M. 2011. Seaweed proteins and amino acids as nutraceuticals. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 64: 297–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387669-0.00024-7
Dawczynski, C., R. Schubert, & G. Jahreis. 2007. Amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibre in edible seaweed products. Food Chemistry, 103(3): 891–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.041
Dewinta, A.F., I.E. Susetya, & M. Suriani. 2020. Nutritional profile of Sargassum sp. from Pane Island, Tapanuli Tengah as a component of functional food. J. of Physics: Conference Series, 1542: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1542/1/012040
Fiset, C., J. Liefer, A.J. Irwin, & Z.V. Finkel. 2017. Methodological biases in estimates of macroalgal macromolecular composition. Limnol. Oceanogr: Methods, 15(7): 618-630. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10186
Gazali, M., N. Nurjanah, & N.P. Zamani. 2018. Eksplorasi senyawa bioaktif alga cokelat Sargassum sp. Agardh sebagai antioksidan dari Pesisir Barat Aceh. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(1): 167. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i1.21543
Jatmiko, T.H., D.J. Prasetyo, C.D. Poeloengasih, Hernawan, & Y. Khasanah. 2019. Nutritional evaluation of Ulva sp. from Sepanjang Coast, Gunungkidul, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 251(1): 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/251/1/012011
Jönsson, M., L. Allahgholi, R.R.R. Sardari, G.O. Hreggviðsson, & E.N. Karlsson. 2020. Extraction and modification of macroalgal polysaccharides for current and next-generation applications. Molecules, 25(930): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040930
Kazir, M., Y. Abuhassira, A. Robin, O. Nahor, J. Luo, A. Israel, A. Golberg, Y.D. Livney. 2019. Extraction of proteins from two marine macroalgae, Ulva sp. and Gracilaria sp., for food application, and evaluating digestibility, amino acid composition and antioxidant properties of the protein concentrates. Food Hydrocolloids, 87: 194–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.07.047
Lailatussifa, R., A. Husni, & A. Isnansetyo. 2017. Antioxidant activity and proximate analysis of dry powder from brown seaweed Sargassum hystrix. J. Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 19(1): 29-37. https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.23885
Leandro, A., D. Pacheco, J. Cotas, J.C. Marques, L. Pereira, & A.M.M. Gonçalves. 2020. Seaweed’s bioactive candidate compounds to food industry and global food security. Life, 10(140): 1–37. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10080140
Lourenço, S.O., E. Barbarino, J.C. De‐Paula, L.O. da S. Pereira, & U.M.L. Marquez. 2002. Amino acid composition, protein content and calculation of nitrogen‐to‐protein conversion factors for 19 tropical seaweeds. Phycological Research, 50(3): 233–241. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1835.2002.00278.x
Ma’ruf, W.F., R. Ibrahim, E.N. Dewi, E. Susanto, & U. Amalia. 2013. Profil rumput laut Caulerpa racemosa dan Gracilaria verrucosa sebagai edible food. J. Saintek Perikanan, 9(1): 68–74. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.9.1.68-74
Manteu, S.H., Nurjanah, & T. Nurhayati, T. 2018. Karakteristik rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum policystum dan Padina minor) dari Perairan Pohuwato Provinsi Gorontalo. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(3): 396–405. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i3.24709
Marinho-Soriano, E., P.C. Fonseca, M.A.A. Carneiro, & W.S.C. Moreira. 2006. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of two tropical seaweeds. Bioresource Technology, 97(18): 2402–2406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.10.014
McLaughlin, C.M., S.J. Sharkey, P. Harnedy-Rothwell, V. Parthsarathy, P.J. Allsopp, E.M. McSorley, R.J. FitzGerald, F.P.M. O'Harte. 2020. Twice daily oral administration of Palmaria palmata protein hydrolysate reduces food intake in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, improving glycaemic control and lipid profiles. J. of Functional Foods, 73: 104101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104101
Øverland, M., L.T. Mydland, & A. Skrede. 2019. Marine macroalgae as sources of protein and bioactive compounds in feed for monogastric animals. J. of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(1): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9143
Paniagua-Michel, J.de J., J. Olmos-Soto, & E.R. Morales-Guerrero. 2014. Algal and microbial exopolysaccharides: new insights as biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 73: 221–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800268-1.00011-1
Polat, S., & Y. Ozogul. 2013. Seasonal proximate and fatty acid variations of some seaweeds from the Northeastern Mediterranean Coast. Oceanologia, 55(2): 375–391. https://doi.org/10.5697/oc.55-2.375
Rodrigues, D., A.C. Freitas, L. Pereira, T.A.P. Rocha-Santos, M.W. Vasconcelos, M. Roriz, L.M. Rodríguez-Alcalá, A.M.P. Gomes, A.C. Duarte. 2015. Chemical composition of red, brown and green macroalgae from Buarcos bay in Central West Coast of Portugal. Food Chemistry, 183: 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.057
Rosemary, T., A. Arulkumar, S. Paramasivam, A. Mondragon-Portocarrero, & J.M. Miranda. 2019. Biochemical, micronutrient and physicochemical properties of the dried red seaweeds Gracilaria edulis and Gracilaria corticata. Molecules, 24(2225): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122225
Safia, W., Budiyanti, & Musrif. 2020. Kandungan nutrisi dan senyawa bioaktif rumput laut (Euchema cottonii) yang dibudidayakan dengan teknik rakit gantung pada kedalaman berbeda. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 23(2): 261–271. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v23i2.29460
Salosso, Y. 2019. Nutrient and alginate content of macroalgae Sargassum sp. from Kupang Bay Waters, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 12(6): 2130–2136. http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2019.2130-2136.pdf
Salosso, Y., S. Aisiah, L.N.L. Toruan, & W. Pasaribu. 2020. Nutrient content, active compound, and antibacterial activity of Padina australis against Aeromonas hydropilla. Pharmacognosy J., 12(4): 771–776. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2020.12.110
Setyorini, H.B. & Puspitasari, A. 2021. Fat, water and ash content in Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae macroalgae at Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International Symposium on Aquatic Sciences and Resources Management: Highland to Ocean: Biology, Ecology and Aquatic Resources Management, Bogor, 16-17 November 2020. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 744 (2021) 012073. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/744/1/012073
Shannon, E. & N. Abu-Ghannam. 2019. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals for health and nutrition. Phycologia, 58(5): 563–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2019.1640533
Torres, P., J.P. Santos, F. Chow, & D.Y.A.C. dos Santos. 2019. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, bioactivity potential, and chemical diversity of the genus Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Algal Research, 37: 288–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2018.12.009
Yudiati, E., A. Ridlo, A.A. Nugroho, S. Sedjati, & L. Maslukah. 2020. Analisis kandungan agar, pigmen dan proksimat rumput laut Gracilaria sp. pada reservoir dan biofilter tambak udang Litopenaeus vannamei. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 9(2): 133–140. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i2.29453
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1984. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th edition. AOAC International. Arlington, VA. 121 p.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1995. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th edition. AOAC International. Arlington, VA. 2 vols.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 2005. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 18th edition. AOAC International. Gaithersburg, Md. 1 vol.
Černá, M. 2011. Seaweed proteins and amino acids as nutraceuticals. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 64: 297–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387669-0.00024-7
Dawczynski, C., R. Schubert, & G. Jahreis. 2007. Amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibre in edible seaweed products. Food Chemistry, 103(3): 891–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.041
Dewinta, A.F., I.E. Susetya, & M. Suriani. 2020. Nutritional profile of Sargassum sp. from Pane Island, Tapanuli Tengah as a component of functional food. J. of Physics: Conference Series, 1542: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1542/1/012040
Fiset, C., J. Liefer, A.J. Irwin, & Z.V. Finkel. 2017. Methodological biases in estimates of macroalgal macromolecular composition. Limnol. Oceanogr: Methods, 15(7): 618-630. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10186
Gazali, M., N. Nurjanah, & N.P. Zamani. 2018. Eksplorasi senyawa bioaktif alga cokelat Sargassum sp. Agardh sebagai antioksidan dari Pesisir Barat Aceh. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(1): 167. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i1.21543
Jatmiko, T.H., D.J. Prasetyo, C.D. Poeloengasih, Hernawan, & Y. Khasanah. 2019. Nutritional evaluation of Ulva sp. from Sepanjang Coast, Gunungkidul, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 251(1): 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/251/1/012011
Jönsson, M., L. Allahgholi, R.R.R. Sardari, G.O. Hreggviðsson, & E.N. Karlsson. 2020. Extraction and modification of macroalgal polysaccharides for current and next-generation applications. Molecules, 25(930): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040930
Kazir, M., Y. Abuhassira, A. Robin, O. Nahor, J. Luo, A. Israel, A. Golberg, Y.D. Livney. 2019. Extraction of proteins from two marine macroalgae, Ulva sp. and Gracilaria sp., for food application, and evaluating digestibility, amino acid composition and antioxidant properties of the protein concentrates. Food Hydrocolloids, 87: 194–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.07.047
Lailatussifa, R., A. Husni, & A. Isnansetyo. 2017. Antioxidant activity and proximate analysis of dry powder from brown seaweed Sargassum hystrix. J. Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 19(1): 29-37. https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.23885
Leandro, A., D. Pacheco, J. Cotas, J.C. Marques, L. Pereira, & A.M.M. Gonçalves. 2020. Seaweed’s bioactive candidate compounds to food industry and global food security. Life, 10(140): 1–37. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10080140
Lourenço, S.O., E. Barbarino, J.C. De‐Paula, L.O. da S. Pereira, & U.M.L. Marquez. 2002. Amino acid composition, protein content and calculation of nitrogen‐to‐protein conversion factors for 19 tropical seaweeds. Phycological Research, 50(3): 233–241. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1835.2002.00278.x
Ma’ruf, W.F., R. Ibrahim, E.N. Dewi, E. Susanto, & U. Amalia. 2013. Profil rumput laut Caulerpa racemosa dan Gracilaria verrucosa sebagai edible food. J. Saintek Perikanan, 9(1): 68–74. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.9.1.68-74
Manteu, S.H., Nurjanah, & T. Nurhayati, T. 2018. Karakteristik rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum policystum dan Padina minor) dari Perairan Pohuwato Provinsi Gorontalo. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(3): 396–405. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i3.24709
Marinho-Soriano, E., P.C. Fonseca, M.A.A. Carneiro, & W.S.C. Moreira. 2006. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of two tropical seaweeds. Bioresource Technology, 97(18): 2402–2406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.10.014
McLaughlin, C.M., S.J. Sharkey, P. Harnedy-Rothwell, V. Parthsarathy, P.J. Allsopp, E.M. McSorley, R.J. FitzGerald, F.P.M. O'Harte. 2020. Twice daily oral administration of Palmaria palmata protein hydrolysate reduces food intake in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, improving glycaemic control and lipid profiles. J. of Functional Foods, 73: 104101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104101
Øverland, M., L.T. Mydland, & A. Skrede. 2019. Marine macroalgae as sources of protein and bioactive compounds in feed for monogastric animals. J. of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(1): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9143
Paniagua-Michel, J.de J., J. Olmos-Soto, & E.R. Morales-Guerrero. 2014. Algal and microbial exopolysaccharides: new insights as biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 73: 221–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800268-1.00011-1
Polat, S., & Y. Ozogul. 2013. Seasonal proximate and fatty acid variations of some seaweeds from the Northeastern Mediterranean Coast. Oceanologia, 55(2): 375–391. https://doi.org/10.5697/oc.55-2.375
Rodrigues, D., A.C. Freitas, L. Pereira, T.A.P. Rocha-Santos, M.W. Vasconcelos, M. Roriz, L.M. Rodríguez-Alcalá, A.M.P. Gomes, A.C. Duarte. 2015. Chemical composition of red, brown and green macroalgae from Buarcos bay in Central West Coast of Portugal. Food Chemistry, 183: 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.057
Rosemary, T., A. Arulkumar, S. Paramasivam, A. Mondragon-Portocarrero, & J.M. Miranda. 2019. Biochemical, micronutrient and physicochemical properties of the dried red seaweeds Gracilaria edulis and Gracilaria corticata. Molecules, 24(2225): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122225
Safia, W., Budiyanti, & Musrif. 2020. Kandungan nutrisi dan senyawa bioaktif rumput laut (Euchema cottonii) yang dibudidayakan dengan teknik rakit gantung pada kedalaman berbeda. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 23(2): 261–271. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v23i2.29460
Salosso, Y. 2019. Nutrient and alginate content of macroalgae Sargassum sp. from Kupang Bay Waters, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 12(6): 2130–2136. http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2019.2130-2136.pdf
Salosso, Y., S. Aisiah, L.N.L. Toruan, & W. Pasaribu. 2020. Nutrient content, active compound, and antibacterial activity of Padina australis against Aeromonas hydropilla. Pharmacognosy J., 12(4): 771–776. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2020.12.110
Setyorini, H.B. & Puspitasari, A. 2021. Fat, water and ash content in Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae macroalgae at Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International Symposium on Aquatic Sciences and Resources Management: Highland to Ocean: Biology, Ecology and Aquatic Resources Management, Bogor, 16-17 November 2020. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 744 (2021) 012073. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/744/1/012073
Shannon, E. & N. Abu-Ghannam. 2019. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals for health and nutrition. Phycologia, 58(5): 563–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2019.1640533
Torres, P., J.P. Santos, F. Chow, & D.Y.A.C. dos Santos. 2019. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, bioactivity potential, and chemical diversity of the genus Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Algal Research, 37: 288–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2018.12.009
Yudiati, E., A. Ridlo, A.A. Nugroho, S. Sedjati, & L. Maslukah. 2020. Analisis kandungan agar, pigmen dan proksimat rumput laut Gracilaria sp. pada reservoir dan biofilter tambak udang Litopenaeus vannamei. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 9(2): 133–140. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i2.29453
Authors
SetyoriniH. B., & PuspitasariA. (2021). PROTEIN AND CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT OF MACROALGAE AT SEPANJANG BEACH, YOGYAKARTA. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 13(2), 283-293. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v13i2.33654
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The author submitting the manuscript must understand and agree that the copyright of the article manuscript must be submitted/transferred to the Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA) International License in which the Author and Reader can copy and redistribute the material in any media or format, and remix, modify and build material for any purpose, but they must provide appropriate credit (citing articles or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate whether there is a change. If you mix, change, or create material, you must distribute your contribution under the same license as the original.