VEGETATION CONDITIONS AND THE CHANGING OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM COVER IN TANAKEKE ISLAND TAKALAR REGENCY SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE
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Accepted
30 July 2021
Published
31 August 2021
Keywords:
-
degradation, mangrove ecosystem, supervised classification, vegetation, Tanakeke Island
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems with a high level of productivity, so its existence can be enrich coastal areas and maintain the balance of ecosystems. This study aims to explain the changes in the extent and distribution of mangrove ecosystems within 20 years, from 2000 to 2020 and to know the condition of mangrove ecosystem vegetation in Tanakeke Island. This research was conducted from January to April 2020 in Tanakeke Island. Determination of research location using purposive sampling method. Analysis of changes in mangrove ecosystem area from 2000 to 2020 using supervised classification method with maximum likelihood analysis, while the condition of mangrove ecosystem vegetation using important value index (INP) analyst method and species diversity index. The results showed that mangrove ecosystems in Tanakeke Island from 2000 to 2020 degraded for about -337.41 ha (28.32% of the area in 2000). At the research site found 9 types of mangroves, such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Phemphis acidula, Lumnitzera racemosa and Ceriops decandra. Mangrove type Rhizophora mucronata has the highest important value index of 192.55%, while for diversity of species in general is relatively low.
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Marchand, C. 2017. Soil carbon stocks and burial rates along a mangrove forest chronosequence (French Guiana). International J. Forest Ecology and Management, 384: 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.030
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Silaen, I.F., B. Hendrarto, & M.N. Supardjo. 2013. Distribusi dan kelimpahan gastropoda pada hutan mangrove Teluk Awur Jepara. J. of Management of Aquatic Resources, 2(3): 93-103. https://doi.org/10.14710/marj.v2i3.4187
Susiana, S. 2015. Analisis kualitas air ekosistem mangrove di estuari Perancak, Bali. Agrikan. J. Ilmiah Agribisnis dan Perikanan, 8(1): 42-49. https://doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.8.1.42-49
Susilawati, N.G.K., B. Toknok, & I.N. Korja. 2018. Faktor penyebab kerusakan hutan mangrove di Desa Buranga Kecamatan Ampibabo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. J. Forest Sains, 15(2): 91-99. http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/ForestScience/article/view/13732
Suwardi, E. Tambaru, Ambeng, & D. Priosambodo. 2013. Keanekaragaman jenis mangrove di Pulau Panikiang Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan. Jurusan biologi fakultas matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/25495489.pdf
Akbar, M.A.S., B. Saleh, I. Sofian, & N. Nurdin. 2014. Geospatial dynamic of vegetation cover changes on the small islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. J. Majalah Ilmiah Globe, 16(1): 25-32. http://jurnal.big.go.id/index.php/GL/article/view/47/44
Alongi, D.M. 2009. Paradigm shift in mangrove biology. In: Perillo. G.M.E. Wolansky, E.J. Cahoon, D.R. Brinson, M.M (eds.). Coastal wetlands an integrated ecosystem approach. Elsevier. Amsterdam. 974-640 pp.
Arief, A. 1994. Hutan, Hakikat dan pengaruhnya terhadap lingkungan. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Jakarta. 153 p.
Auliansyah, T. Kusumastanto, A. Sadelie, A. Sulindrina, & Nurfadillah. 2018. Valuasi ekonomi dan penilaian kerusakan kawasan ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tanakeke Kabupaten Takalar. J. Inovasi, 16(1): 72-83. https://doi.org/10.29264/jinv.v16i1.7331
Barbier, E.B. 2016. The protective service of mangrove ecosystems: A review of valuation methods. International J. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 109(2): 676-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.033
Bengen, D.G. & I.M. Dutton. 2004. Fishes and Forestry: Worldwide watershed interactions and management. Interaction: Mangroves, fisheries and forestry management in Indonesia. Chapter 28. Blackwell, 7(2): 632-653 pp. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470995242.ch28
Compilation, A.G. 2008. Economic values of coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses. Center for applied biodiversity science. Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA. 35 p.
Fachrul, M.F. 2007. Metode sampling bioekologi. Bumi Aksara. Jakarta. 198 p.
Fitri, R.Y. & D.K. Anwar. 2014. Kebijakan pemerintah terhadap pelestarian hutan mangrove di Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Kabupaten Bengkalis. J. Jom FISIP, 1(2): 1-15. https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/3274
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2007. The world’s mangroves 1980-2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. Rome. 153 p.
Gevana, D., L. Camacho, A. Carandang, S. Camacho, & S. Im. 2015. Land use characterization and change detection of small mangrove area in Banacon Island, Bohol, Philippines using a maximum likelihood classification method. International J. Forest Science and Technology, 11(4): 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2014.996611
Giri, C., E. Ochieng, L.L. Tieszen, Z. Zhu, A. Singh, T. Loveland, J. Masek, & N. Duke. 2011. Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data. International J. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20: 154-159. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00584.x
Habdiansyah, P., I. Lovadi, & R. Linda. 2015. Profil vegetasi mangrove Desa Sebubus Kecamatan Paloh Kabupaten Sambas. J. Protobiont, 4(2): 9–17. https://doi.org/10.26418/protobiont.v4i2.10842
Hamidy, R. 2010. Struktur dan keragaman komunitas kepiting di kawasan hutan mangrove stasiun kelautan Universitas Riau, Desa Purnama Dumai. J. of Environmental Science, 2(4): 81-91. https://jil.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JIL/article/viewFile/340/334
Hayati, N.F., A.H. Muhiddin, & M.A. Amran. 2017. Profil distribusi dan kondisi mangrove berdasarkan pasang surut air laut di Pulau Bangkobangkoang Kecamatan Liukang Tupabbiring Kabupaten Pangkep. J. Spermonde, 3(1): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v3i1.2125
Heriyanto, N.M. & E. Subiandono. 2012. Komposisi dan struktur tegakan, biomasa, dan potensi kandungan karbon hutan mangrove di Taman Nasional Alas Purwo. J. Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 9(1): 023-032. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2012.9.1.023-032
Hidayat, R., Amal, & Suprapta. 2020. Analisis perubahan hutan mangrove dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Pulau Tanakeke Kabupaten Takalar. J. Environmental Science, 3(1): 88-99. https://doi.org/10.35580/jes.v3i1.14717
Hotden, Khairijon, & M.N. Isda. 2014. Analisis vegetasi mangrove di ekosistem mangrove Desa Tapian Nauli l Kecamatan Tapian Nauli Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah Provinsi Sumatera Utara. J. JOM FMIPA, 1(2): 1-10. https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFMIPA/article/view/4260
Indriyanto. 2006. Ekologi hutan. Bumi Aksara. Jakarta. 138 p.
Juwita, E., K. Soewardi, & Yonvitner. 2015. Kondisi habitat dan ekosistem mangrove Kecamatan Simpang Pesak, Belitung Timur untuk pengembangan tambak udang. J. Manusia dan Lingkungan, 22(1): 59-65. https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18725
Kent, Martin, & P. Coker. 1992. Vegetation description and analysis: A practical approach. London: Belhaven Press. 334-354 pp.
Kon, K., H. Kurokura, & P. Tongnunui. 2010. Effects of the physical structure of mangrove vegetation on a benthic faunal community. International J. of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 383(2): 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2009.11.015
Lebata, M.J.H., M.E. Walton, J.B. Biñas, J.H. Primavera, & L.L. Vay. 2012. Identifying mangrove areas for fisheries enhancement; population assessment in a patchy habitat. International J. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 22(5): 652-664. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2235
Lee, S.Y. 1995. Mangrove outwelling: a review. International J. Hydrobiologia, 295(1-3): 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029127
Magurran, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Australia (AU): Croom Helm. 35-37 pp.
Marchand, C. 2017. Soil carbon stocks and burial rates along a mangrove forest chronosequence (French Guiana). International J. Forest Ecology and Management, 384: 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.030
Martiningsih, N.G.A.G.E., I.M. Suryana, & N. Sutiadipraja. 2015. Analisis vegetasi hutan mangrove di Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Bali. Agrimeta. J. Pertanian Berbasis Keseimbangan Ekosistem, 5(9): 1-69. https://jurnal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/agrimeta/article/view/94
Momo, H. & S. Rahayu. 2018. Analisis vegetasi hutan di Desa Wambona Kecamatan Wakorumba Selatan Kabupaten Muna Indonesia. J. Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau kecil, 2(1): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.2.1.10-16
Mueller-Dombois, D. & H. Ellenberg. 1974. Aims and Methods of vegetation Ecology. Wiley & Sons. New York. 135 p.
Mulyadi, E. & N. Fitriani. 2010. Konservasi hutan mangrove sebagai ekowisata. J. Ilmiah Teknik Lingkungan, 2(1): 11-17. https://eprints.upnjatim.ac.id/1248/1/2-_Edy_Mulyadi.pdf
Nguyen, T.P. & K.E. Parnell. 2017. Gradual expansion of mangrove areas as an ecological solution for stabilizing a severely eroded mangrove dominated muddy coast. International J. Ecological Engineering, 107: 239-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.07.038
Randongkir, H., H.L. Ohee, & J.D. Kalor. 2019. Komposisi vegetasi dan pemanfaatan ekosistem mangrove di kawasan wisata alam Teluk Youtefa Kota Jayapura. J. Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Papua, 2(1): 21-29. https://doi.org/10.31957/acr.v2i1.982
Rochmady. 2015. Struktur dan komposisi jenis mangrove Desa Bonea dan Kodiri Kabupaten Muna Sulawesi Tenggara. Prosiding Simposium Nasional Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 2015. 85-94 pp.
Rusdi, R., I. Setyobudiandi, & A. Damar. 2019. Kajian potensi dan pengelolaan berkelanjutan ekosistem mangrove Pulau Panikiang, Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan. J. Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 12(1): 119-133. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i1.26065
Setiawan, H. & D.A. Larasati. 2016. Kontribusi ekosistem mangrove dalam mendukung pembangunan wilayah pesisir dan pulau kecil: Studi kasus di Pulau Tanakeke Kabupaten Takalar Sulawesi Selatan. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mengawal Pelaksanaan SDGs Surabaya: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Hukum, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. 153-162 pp.
Setiawan, H., R.I. Purwanti, & R. Garsetiasih. 2017. Persepsi dan sikap masyarakat terhadap konservasi ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tanakeke, Sulawesi Selatan. J. Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 14(1): 57-70. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpse.2017.14.1.57-70
Setiawan, H. 2015. Studi pengelolaan hutan mangrove sebagai bahan baku industri arang di Pulau Tanakeke Kabupaten Takalar Sulawesi Selatan. Seminar Nasional Sewindu BPTHHBK, Mataram, 1 Oktober 2015. 1-11 pp.
Setiawan, H. 2016. Strategi coping masyarakat pulau kecil dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan iklim. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Geografi UMS. Upaya pengurangan risiko bencana terkait perubahan iklim. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press, 2016. 288-298 pp.
Silaen, I.F., B. Hendrarto, & M.N. Supardjo. 2013. Distribusi dan kelimpahan gastropoda pada hutan mangrove Teluk Awur Jepara. J. of Management of Aquatic Resources, 2(3): 93-103. https://doi.org/10.14710/marj.v2i3.4187
Susiana, S. 2015. Analisis kualitas air ekosistem mangrove di estuari Perancak, Bali. Agrikan. J. Ilmiah Agribisnis dan Perikanan, 8(1): 42-49. https://doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.8.1.42-49
Susilawati, N.G.K., B. Toknok, & I.N. Korja. 2018. Faktor penyebab kerusakan hutan mangrove di Desa Buranga Kecamatan Ampibabo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. J. Forest Sains, 15(2): 91-99. http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/ForestScience/article/view/13732
Suwardi, E. Tambaru, Ambeng, & D. Priosambodo. 2013. Keanekaragaman jenis mangrove di Pulau Panikiang Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan. Jurusan biologi fakultas matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/25495489.pdf
Authors
Aswin, DamarA., & YuliantoG. (2021). VEGETATION CONDITIONS AND THE CHANGING OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM COVER IN TANAKEKE ISLAND TAKALAR REGENCY SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 13(2), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v13i2.33636
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