ADDITION OF SHELTERS TO CONTROL THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PRODUCTION OF MUD CRAB Scylla serrata IN RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
Article Sidebar
-
growth responses, mud crabs, pysiological responses, RAS, shelters
Abstract
The availability of shelters in a specific density is expected to increase the production of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) in a recirculation system. Shelter, as one of the abiotic factors, plays a pivotal role in reducing death caused by cannibalism of crab and suppressing the stress levels of biota. Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS), with the culture box capacity 60 L supported by the shelters, is predicted to produce the best physiological and growth responses of mud crabs. This present study aims to evaluate the effect of shelter addition in the environmental recirculation system on the physiological responses and production of mud crabs S. serrata with a density of 10 crabs per one culture box containing 60 L of seawater. The research was set up with three treatments of shelter addition, i.e., two shelters (S2), four shelters (S4), six shelters (S6), and control without shelter (C). Results showed that S6 was the best treatment with a survival rate of 73.33 ± 5.8%, a specific growth rate of 0.886 ± 0.014%, the growth rate of carapace width 0.024 ± 0.004 cm/day, and the lowest feed conversion ratio than those of other treatments. S6 treatment significantly influenced the total hemocyte count of crabs at the early cultivation (P <0.05). Addition of six shelters could optimize the growth of mud crabs with a stocking density of 10 crabs in one culture box.
References
American Public Health Association (APHA). 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. APHA-AWWA-WEF. Washington DC. 1220 p.
Aslamsyah, S. & Y. Fujaya. 2010. Molting stimulation and growth of mud crabs (Scylla sp.) through the application of artificial feed made from food waste enriched with spinach extract. Ilmu Kelautan: Indonesian J. of Marine Sciences, 15(3): 170-178. https://doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.15.3.170-178
Blaxhall, P.C. & K.W. Daisley. 1973. Routine hematological methods for use with fish blood. J. of Fish Biology, 5(6): 577-581. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1973.tb04510.x
Boyd, C. 2012. Water quality. In: Lucas J.S. and P.C. Southgate (ed.). Aquaculture - farming aquatic animals and plants. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Oxford. 52-82 pp.
Cain, T.A. & Morado, J.F. 2001. Changes in total hemocyte and differential counts in Dungeness crabs infected with Mesanophrys pugettensis, a marine facultative parasitic ciliate. J. of Aquatic Animal Health, 13(4): 310-319. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(2001)013<0310:CITHAD>2.0.CO;2
Cann, B. & C. Shelley. 1999. Preliminary economic analysis of mud crab S. serrata aquaculture in the Northern Territory of Australia. In: Keenan, C.P. et al. (eds.). Mud crab aquaculture and biology: Proceedings of an international scientific forum, Darwin, Australia, 21-24 April 1997. 76-79 pp.
Cholik, F. 1999. Review of mud crab culture research in Indonesia. In: Keenan, C.P. et al. (eds.). Mud crab aquaculture and biology: Proceedings of an international scientific forum, Darwin, Australia, 21-24 April 1997. 14-20 pp.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2011. Mud crab aquaculture. FAO. Rome. 78 p.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2014. The state of food and agriculture: Innovation in family farming. FAO. Rome. 140 p.
Genodepa, J. G. 2017. Management strategies for grow-out culture of mud crab. In: Quinitio, E. T. et al. (eds.). Philippines: In the forefront of the mud crab industry development: Proceedings of the 1st national mud crab congress, Iloilo City, Philippines,16-18 November 2015. 22-27 pp.
Goddard, S. 1996. Feed management in intensive aquaculture. Chapman & Hall. New York. 194 p.
Hastuti, Y.P., R. Affandi, M.D. Safrina, K. Faturrohman, & W. Nurussalam. 2015. Optimum salinity for growth mud crab Scylla serrata seeds in recirculation system. J. Akuakultur Indonesia, 14(1): 50‒57. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.14.50-57
Hastuti, Y.P., H. Nadeak, R. Affandi, & K. Faturrohman. 2016. Optimum pH determination for mangrove crab Scylla serrata growth in controlled containers. J. Akuakultur Indonesia, 15(2): 171‒179. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.15.2.171-179
Hastuti, Y.P., K. Nirmala, I. Rusmana, & R. Affandi. 2017. Activities of NH4+ and NO2- oxidizing bacteria in a recirculating system of mud crab Scylla serrata culture with different number of shelter. Research J. of Microbiology, 12(2): 137-145. https://doi.org/10.3923/jm.2017.137.145
Hastuti, Y.P., R. Affandi, R. Millaty, W. Nurussalam, & S. Tridesianti. 2019. The best temperature assessment to enhance growth and survival of mud crab Scylla serrata in recirculating system. J. Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 11(2): 311-322. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v11i2.22727
Herlinah, Sulaeman, & A. Tenriulo. 2010. Enlargement mud crab Scylla serrata in pond with different feeding. Proceedings of the aquaculture technology innovation forum, Maros, Indonesia, 21-24 April 1997. 169‒174 pp.
Iwama, G.K., M.M. Vijayan, & J.D. Morgan. 1999. The stress response in fish. In: Sakksena, D.N. (eds). Ichthyology: recent research advances. Science Publishers. Enfield. 47–57 pp.
Johansson, M.W., P. Keyser, K. Sritunyalucksana, & K. Söderhäll. 2000. Crustacean haemocytes and haematopoiesis. Aquaculture, 191: 45‒52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00418-X
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP). 2016. Kelautan dan perikanan dalam angka tahun 2015. KKP. Jakarta. 340 p.
Moullac, G.L. & P. Haffner. 2000. Environmental factors affecting immune responses in Crustacea. Aquaculture, 191(1-3): 121–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00422-1
Pedapoli, S. & K.R. Ramudu. 2014. Effect of water quality parameters on growth and survivability of mud crab (Scylla tranquebarica) in grow out culture at Kakinada coast, Andhra Pradesh. International J. of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2(2): 163-166. http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/vol2issue2/Pdf/36.1.pdf
Putro, S.P., H.H., Fahrian, Widowati, & Suhartana. 2015. Application of environmental management on the farming practice of mud crab Scylla serrata at coastal area of Ujung Alang, Cilacap, Indonesia: efforts toward sustainable aquaculture. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 23: 297-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.044
Neil, L.L., R. Fotedar, & C.C. Shelley. 2005. Effect of acute and chronic toxicity of unionized ammonia on mud crab, Scylla serrata (Forsskål, 1755) larvae. Aquaculture Research, 36(9): 927‒932. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01304.x
Nurdiani, R. & C. Zeng. 2007. Effects of temperature and salinity on the survival and development of mud crab, Scylla serrata (Forsskål), larvae. Aquaculture Research, 38(14): 1529–1538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01810.x
Schulz, C., U. Knaus, M. Wirth, & B. Rennert. 2005. Effect of varying dietary fatty acid profile on growth performance, fatty acid, body and tissue composition of juvenile pike perch Sander lucioperca. Aquaculture Nutrition, 11(6): 403-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2005.00369.x
Sheen, S.-S. 2000. Dietary cholesterol requirement of juvenile mud crab Scylla serrata. Aquaculture, 189(3-4): 277–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00379-3
Stoner, A.W. 2012. Assessing stress and predicting mortality in economically significant Crustaceans. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 20(3): 111-135. http://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.689025
Sunaryo, Suradi, & L. Sya’rani. 2007. The use of shelter in soft shell crab cultivation in the area of the people's ponds Kasepuhan village, Batang. National seminar on fisheries and marine affairs: Development of science and technology of sustainable fisheries and marine in supporting national development. Semarang. Indonesia. 28 August 2007. 13 pp.
Authors
The author submitting the manuscript must understand and agree that the copyright of the article manuscript must be submitted/transferred to the Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA) International License in which the Author and Reader can copy and redistribute the material in any media or format, and remix, modify and build material for any purpose, but they must provide appropriate credit (citing articles or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate whether there is a change. If you mix, change, or create material, you must distribute your contribution under the same license as the original.