PHYLOGENETIC OF Haliotis squamata REEVE, 1846 POPULATION FROM THE SOUTHERN COAST OF JAVA AND BALI ISLAND IN INDONESIA BASED ON CYTOCHROME B MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCE
Abstract
Abalon Haliotis squamata Reeve, 1846 adalah jenis abalon yang memiliki sebaran di perairan laut selatan Jawa dan Bali Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan filogenetik H. squamata asal Pantai Selatan Pulau Jawa dan Bali berdasarkan sekuen gen Cytochrome b (Cyt b) DNA mitokondria. Sebanyak total 38 sampel dikoleksi dari Jawa (Binuangeun, Pangandaran, Banyuwangi) dan Bali (Buleleng). Sampel diekstraksi, diamplifikasi menggunakan metode PCR, dan sekuensing dilakukan dengan metode Sanger sequencing di 1st BASE Malaysia. Urutan primer yang digunakan dalam amplifikasi yaitu primer forward AB-Cytb DivF (5'-TAAGCCAATTCGTAAGGTTC-3') dan primer reverse AB-Cytb DivR (5'-AAAATACCACTCTGGCTGAA-3'). Jarak genetik dianalisis menggunakan metode Kimura 2-parameter dan konstruksi pohon filogenetik dilakukan dengan Neighbour-Joining dengan menggunakan program MEGA 7. Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa perbedaan nukleotida spesifik sebesar 81 bp dari 820 bp. Jarak genetik intraspesies H. squamata asal perairan selatan Jawa dan Bali sebesar 0,96%-1,06%. Jarak genetik antar populasi asal Jawa dan Bali cukup tinggi sehingga kedua populasi ini memisah dan membentuk klaster sendiri berdasarkan pohon filogenetik. Dengan demikian, populasi Bali sudah mulai membentuk subpopulasi yang baru. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian akan sangat berguna untuk pengelolaan sumberdaya genetik abalon jenis H. squamata terkait dengan kelestarian dan pemanfaatannya.
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