Article Sidebar
-
COMCOT v1.7, earthquake, Flores fault, North Lombok, tsunami
Abstract
The Flores Fault is the one of caused an earthquake on August 5, 2018 in Lombok Island. It is reported that this earthquake with magnitude of 7.0 Mw caused a small tsunami with amplitude of 13.5 cm in the coastal area of Carik village, North Lombok. This study aimed to simulate a potential tsunami hazard from the Flores faults activity using the COMCOT v1.7 tsunami model which estimates potential tsunami height, tsunami arrival time, and potential tsunami affected areas. Historical earthquake data as an epicenter in the simulation was the earthquake on September 2, 2018, with the earthquake magnitude of 7 Mw. On the basis of the earthquake above, the model parameters was chosen, such as the depth of epicenter of 14 km, width fault area of 47.9 x 15.9 km, dislocation of 2.5 m, strike of 284o, slip of 64o, and dip of 88o. Simulation layer is divided into 3 layers based on nesting grid system with 464 m, 232 m and 77 m resolution, respectively. Bathymetric data were obtained from GEBCO with a 15-arc second grid size. Tsunami propagation simulation has been performed for duration of 30 minutes, which produced an initial tsunami height of 0.9 m. The maximum tsunami height revealed from the simulation was between 1-2.5 m on land. Estimated arrival time of the tsunami in North Lombok was ftom 3 to 13 minutes. Simulation result showed that sub-district area of Bayan, Kayangan, Tanjung, and Gangga are affected potentially areas by the tsunami. The maximum height and arrival time of the tsunami in North Lombok have the potential to be destructive and can cause casualties, so that mitigation efforts are needed, such as socialization and training in dealing with tsunami hazards, planting coastal vegetation that is suitable for the substrate on the coast, and building offshore breakwaters.
References
Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Utara (BAPPEDA). 2011. Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Utara No. 9 Tahun 2011 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Lombok Utara Tahun 2011-2013. BAPPEDA Kabupaten Lombok Utara: Lombok Utara. 59 hlm.
Diposaptono, B.S. 2006. Tsunami. Buku Ilmiah Populer. Bandung. 300 hlm.
German International Cooporation – International Services (GIZ-IS). 2013. Dokumen Teknis: Peta-Peta Bahaya Tsunami untuk Lombok. Jakarta. 24 hlm.
Helal, M.A. & M.S. Mehanna. 2008. Tsunamis from nature to physics. Chaos, Solitons and Fractal, 36: 787-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2007.08.044
Hill, M.E., C.J. Borrero, Z. Huang, Q. Qiu, P. Banerjee, H.D. Natawidjaja, P. Elosegui, M.H. Fritz, W.B. Suwargadi, R.I. Pranantyo, L. Li, A.K. Macpherson, V. Skanavis, E.C. Synolakis, & K. Sieh. 2012. The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake: Very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determind from tsunami field survey and near-field GPS data. J. Geophys. Res., 117: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB009159
Ibad, M.I. & B.J. Santosa. 2014. Pemodelan tsunami berdasarkan parameter mekanisme sumber gempa bumi dari analisis waveform tiga komponen gempa bumi Mentawai 25 Oktober 2010. J. Sains dan Seni Pomits, 3(2): 2337-3520. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v3i2.6776.
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). 2006. Tsunami Glossary. Paris, UNESCO. IOC Technical Series. 44 p.
Koulali, A., S. Susilo, S. McClusky, I. Meilano, P. Cummins, P. Tregoning, G. Lister, J. Efendi, & M.A. Syafi’i. 2016. Crustal strain partitioning and the associated earthquake hazard in the eastern Sunda-Banda Arc. Geophys. Res. Lett. 43: 1943–1949. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL067941
Lugra, I.W. & L. Arifin. 2008. Potensi objek wisata pantai dan bahari di perairan utara Lombok ditinjau dari aspek geologi kelautan. J. Geo Kelautan., 6(2): 93-103. https://doi.org/10.32693/jgk.6.2.2008.153
McCaffrey, R. & J. Nabelek. 1984. The geometry of back arc thrusting along the Eastern Sunda Arc, Indonesia: Constraints from earthquake and gravity data. J. Geophys. Res., 89(B7): 6171-6179. https://doi.org/10.1029/jb089ib07p06171
Mutmainah, H, D.W. Christiana, & G. Kusumah. 2016. Tsunami Mentawai 25 Oktober 2010 (simulasi COMCOT v1.7) dan dampaknya kini terhadap pantai barat Mentawai. Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesia J. of Marine Science and Technology, 9(2): 175-187. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v9i2.1917
Pemerintah Kabupaten Lombok Utara. 2016. Peraturan Pemerintah Daerah tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Utara Tahun 2016-2021. Lombok (ID): PKLU.
Pradjoko, E., T. Kusuma, O. Setyandito, A. Suroso, & B. Harianto. 2014. The tsunami run-up assement of 1977 Sumba earthquake in Kuta Center of Lombok, Indonesia. Prosedia Earth and Planetary Science, 14: 9-16. https//doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2015.07.079
Prasetya, G., X. Wang, N. Palmer, & G. Grant. 2011. Tsunami inundation modelling for riverton and new river estuary southland. GNS Science Consultancy Report. 87 p.
Pusat Studi Gempa Nasional (PUSGEN). 2017. Peta sumber dan bahaya gempa Indonesia Tahun 2017. Irsyam M., S. Widiyantoro, H.D. Natawidjaja, I. Meilano, A. Rudyantyo, S. Hidayati, W. Triyoso, R.N. Hanifa, D. Djarwadi, L. Faizal, dan Sunarjito, editor. Bandung. 361 hlm.
Pusat Studi Gempa Nasional (PUSGEN). 2018. Rangkaian gempa Lombok Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia 29 Juli 2018 (M6.4), 5 Agustus 2018 (M7.0), 19 Agustus 2018 (M6.9). Irsyam M., R.N. Hanifa, dan D. Djarwadi, editor. Bandung. 195 hlm.
Rasyif, T.M., K. Shigeru, Syamsidik, & T. Okabe. 2019. Numerical simulation of morphological changes due to the 2004 tsunami wave around Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Geosciences, 9(125): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9030125
Sasmi, A.T., A.D. Nugraha, Muzli, S. Widiyantoro, Zulfakriza, S. Wei, D.P. Sahara, A. Riyanto, N.T. Puspito, A. Priyono, T. Greenfield, H. Afif, P. Supendi, Daryono, Ardianto, D.K. Syahbana, Y.M. Husni, B.S. Prabowo, & A.F.N. Sarjan. 2020. Hypocenter and magnitude analysis of aftershocks of the 2018 Lombok, Indonesia, earthquakes using local seismographic networks. Seismological Research Letter, 91(2A): 733-744. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190348
Sugianto, D., W.I. Nurjaya, N.M.N. Natih, & W.W. Pandoe. 2017. Potensi rendaman tsunami di wilayah Lebak Banten. J. Kelautan Nasional, 12(1): 9-18. https://doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v12i1.6241
Supendi, P., A.D. Nugraha, S. Widiyantoro, J.D. Pesicek, C.H. Thurber, C.I. Abdullah, D. Daryono, S.H. Wiyono, H.A. Shiddiqi, & S. Rosalia. 2020. Relocated aftershocks and background seismicity in Eastern Indonesia shed light on the 2018 Lombok and Palu earthquake sequences. Geophys. J. Int, 221: 1845-1855. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa118
Susilo, S., A.B. Wijanarto, S. Wibowo, & H Z. Abidin. 2018. GPS/GNSS analysis on Lombok earthquakes: Co-seismic deformation, Experimental Findings. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.34871.78242
The Earthquake Hazard Program – USGS Website. [online]. https:// earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquake/. [diakses tanggal 20 Februari 2019].
Wang, C., X. Wang, W. Xiu, B. Zhang, G. Zhang, & P. Liu. 2020. Characteristics of the seismogenic faults in the 2018 Lombok, Indonesia earthquake sequence as revealed by inversion of InSAR measurements. Seismological Research Letter, 91(4): 2152-2162. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190002
Wang, X. 2009. User manual for COMCOT version 1.7 (First Draft). http://ceeserver.cee.conell.edu.//phll-group/comcot_down.htm
Wang, X. & Philip. 2006. An analysis of 2004 Sumatra earthquake fault plane mechanisms and Indian Ocean tsunami. J. of Hydraulic Research, 44(2): 147-154. https:/doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2006.9521671
Well’s, L.D. & J.K. Coppersmith. 1994. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 84(4): 974-1002. https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-abstract/84/4/974/119792/New-empirical-relationships-among-magnitude?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Yudhicara, W. Kongko, V. Asvaliantina, Suranto, S. Nugroho, A. Ibrahim, S.W. Pranowo, B.N. Kerpen, F.K. Framer, & O. Kunst. 2010. Jejak tsunami 25 Oktober 2010 di Kepulauan Mentawai berdasarkan penelitian kebumian dan wawancara. J. Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi, 1(3): 165-181. https://doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v1i3.19
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The author submitting the manuscript must understand and agree that the copyright of the article manuscript must be submitted/transferred to the Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA) International License in which the Author and Reader can copy and redistribute the material in any media or format, and remix, modify and build material for any purpose, but they must provide appropriate credit (citing articles or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate whether there is a change. If you mix, change, or create material, you must distribute your contribution under the same license as the original.