PEMETAAN SUHU LAUT DI PERAIRAN TELUK BALIKPAPAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI AKUSTIK TOMOGRAFI PANTAI
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Suhu laut dalam oseanografi merupakan faktor penting yang menunjukkan kualitas suatu perairan sehingga pemetaan secara spasial dan temporal perlu dilakukan. Salah satu teknologi yang potensial efektif untuk dapat digunakan dalam melakukan pemetaan suhu laut adalah dengan menggunakan teknologi akustik tomografi pantai Coastal Acoustic Tomography system (CATs). Penerapan teknologi akustik tomografi pantai di perairan teluk Balikpapan belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Teknologi ini dapat menjangkau daerah yang luas dan dapat melakukan pemetaan suhu laut perlapisan kedalaman dengan resolusi temporal permenit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi data akustik tomografi untuk mendapatkan nilai suhu laut dari data waktu tempuh yang diperoleh antar pasangan stasiun sehingga menjadi peta sebaran suhu laut di jejaring CATs. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menempatkan 4 stasiun akustik yang direkonstruksi melalui metode inversi dari waktu tempuh akustik yang diperoleh antar pasangan stasiun dan suhu rata-rata di lintasan terbentuk menggunakan formula Mackenzie. Hasil rekonstruksi suhu rata-rata pada lintasan jejaring CATs berkisar 28oC sampai 30oC. Uji validasi data suhu laut hasil pengukuran dengan metoda akustik tomografi pantai dengan alat ukur CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) diperoleh akurasi antara nilai suhu laut hasil pengukuran dengan data CTD mencapai 98%, nilai koefisien korelasi R=0,79. Kesimpulan penelitian didapati bahwa rekonstruksi data Akustik Tomografi telah berhasil mengakusisi data suhu laut dengan tingkat ketelitian pada pengukuran yang dilakukan di perairan Teluk Balikapapan mencapai lebih dari 97%.
ABSTRACT
Sea temperature in oceanography is an important factor to figure out the quality of waters that the conducted mapping spatially and temporally. One of the potential technologies effectively can be carried out by mapping sea temperature is a coastal acoustic tomography system (CATs). This technology has never been implemented conducted in Balikpapan Bay before. The technology is able to reach out of a wide range of seawater area and to map sea temperature according to its depth layers.The purpose of this study is to reconstruct tomographic acoustic data to obtain ocean temperature values from travel time data that obtained between pair of stations, so it became a map of sea temperature distribution in CAT’s network. This research was taken by setting four reconstructed observational stations through inversion method of received acoustic travel time among paired stations. The average of temperatures in the formed tracks was analyzed by using Mackenzie formula.The results of reconstructing the seawater temperatures in the CATs tracking networks are in a range of 28oC – 30oC. Aalidation test of the seawater temperature data resulted from coastal acoustic tomography method by using a CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) generates the accuracies of the seawater temperature are more than 98% and a correlation coefficient R = 0.79. The finding of the study was the reconstruction of Acoustic Tomography data has succeeded in acquiring sea temperature data with a level of accuracy level of more than 97%.
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