Gamma Irradiation on Growth and Development of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.

Edi Santosa; Sigit Pramono; Yoko Mine; Nobuo Sugiyama

doi:10.24831/jai.v42i2.8428

Edi Santosa Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16168, Indonesia
Sigit Pramono Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16168, Indonesia
Yoko Mine Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
Nobuo Sugiyama Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v42i2.8428

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) produces apomictic seeds lead to low genetic variation. In order to induce genetic variation, germinated seeds were exposed to Gamma irradiation (Co-60) at doses of 10 to 100 Gy. Seed irradiation was conducted at Center for the Application of Isotope and Irradiation Technology -National Nuclear Energy Agency (CAIRT), Indonesia. Morphology and yield of M1 generation were observed. Results showed that irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy close to LD50 with survival rate 56%. Gamma irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy delayed seeds germination. Germination rates gradually increased and reached maximum at 4 weeks after planting (WAP) for control plants, and 14 WAP of irradiated plants. At 16 WAP, germination rate of 10 Gy irradiated plants was 56% and 84% for those of control plants. Irradiation induced chimera as indicated by short petiole, variegated and abnornal shape of leaflets. Some irradiated plants entered dormancy at 8-10 weeks later than control ones. Prolong vegetative periode lead the plants to produce heavier corms. This study revealed the possibility to induce variation of A. muelleri by using gamma irradition.
Keywords: Amorphophallus muelleri, gamma irradiation (Co-60), morphological variation, mutation breeding