Agronomic responses of four garlic genotypes in two different locations

Nazly Aswani; Chotimatul  Azmi; Ika  Cartika; Rofik Sinung  Basuki; Harmanto

doi:10.24831/ija.v51i1.45161

Nazly Aswani Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Cibinong, Bogor 16915, West Java, INDONESIA
Chotimatul Azmi Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Cibinong, Bogor 16915, West Java, INDONESIA
Ika Cartika Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Cibinong, Bogor 16915, West Java, INDONESIA
Rofik Sinung Basuki Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economy, Research Organization for Governance, Government, Economy and Public Welfare, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Gedung Widya Graha, Lantai 04, Jl. Jendral Gatot Subroto No.10, Jakarta Selatan 12710, Jakarta, INDONESIA
Harmanto Indonesian Agricultural Engineering Polytechnic, Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia, Serpong, Banten, INDONESIA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/ija.v51i1.45161

Abstract

Agronomic performance of garlic is speculated strongly affected by genotype ´ environment interaction, however, interaction evaluation is rarely studied in Indonesia. This research aimed to study the agronomic response of four garlic varieties in two different locations. The research was conducted from April to December 2021 using Lumbu Putih, Lumbu Hijau, Lumbu Kuning, and Tawangmangu Baru genotypes grown in two locations, i.e., Lembang (1250 m asl) and Ciwidey (1200 m asl), Bandung, West Java using randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that genotypes ´ locations interaction was found for traits: plant height, pseudo-stem stem diameter, number of stomata, weight, and diameter of fresh and dried bulbs. Chlorophyll content (SPAD value) depends on genotype, height of fresh bulbs and percentage of weight loss depending on location, while number of leaves was independently affected by genotype and location. Lumbu Kuning produced the highest average fresh weight with considerable differences in both locations (Lembang: 52.01 g, Ciwidey: 31.87 g) and also had the highest weight of dry bulb when planted in Lembang (24.65 g). Pearson's correlation showed that the strongest positive correlation (r=0.91) was found between the weight of the fresh bulb and pseudo-stem diameter when garlic genotypes were planted in Ciwidey. The present study implies the importance to select suitable genotypes for a particular location.

Keywords: genotype, environment, interaction, SPAD value, stomata, weight loss