Potensi Hasil Benih Padi Hibrida pada Tiga Galur CMS dengan Sumber Sitoplasma yang Berbeda

Bayu Pramono Wibowo; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; Indrastuti Apri Rumanti

doi:10.24831/jai.v50i1.39949

Bayu Pramono Wibowo Program Studi Pemuliaan dan Bioteknologi Tanaman, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Bambang Sapta Purwoko Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Indrastuti Apri Rumanti Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Jl. Raya 9 Sukamandi, Subang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v50i1.39949

Abstract

F1 hybrid rice was produced by crossing the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line and restorer (R) line. Kalinga and Gambiaca are CMS line types that have been successfully developed in Indonesia other than Wild Abortive (WA). This study aimed to determine the effect of female parents with different cytoplasmic sources on hybrid seed yield in 30 new hybrid rice combinations. The experiment was conducted at ICRR, West Java in DS 2021, using a factorial design of three CMS lines crossed with ten R lines, with 10 replications for the CMS lines and three replications for the restorer lines. Analysis of variance for yield components and yield was performed separately between CMS and restorer lines, following a single factor linear model. GMJ15A Gambiaca type had a similar average seed yield (1.03 ton ha-1) with GMJ12A WA type
(0.85 ton ha^-1) and significantly higher than GMJ14A Kalinga type (0.51 ton ha^-1), while the best restorer line was PK90 (1.36 ton ha^-1). Plant height, filled grain number per panicle, and outcrossing rate levels had a positive and significant correlation with hybrid seed yield. CMS lines of Gambiaca cytoplasmic type could be the female parent alternative of hybrid rice in Indonesia.

Keywords: outcrossing, restorer, seed production