Karakterisasi, Variabilitas Genetik dan Heritabilitas Genotipe Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus)

Venti Novita Sari; Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti; Merakati Handajaningsih

doi:10.24831/jai.v49i3.37742

Venti Novita Sari Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu
Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu Jl. WR Supratman, Kandang Limun, Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
Merakati Handajaningsih Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu Jl. WR Supratman, Kandang Limun, Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v49i3.37742

Abstract

Characterization, genetic variability and heritability of periwinkle is crucial for breeders to carry out plant selection to increase the quality and quantity of periwinkle as ornamental plants. The objective of this study was to characterize and assess the genetic variability and heritability values of 13 genotypes of periwinkle. The research was conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 in a screen house located in Perumahan Rakyat, Bengkulu City. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, single factor, consisting of 13 genotypes of C. roseus with three replications. The results showed a variation among 13 genotypes on leaf shape (oval and oblong); type of stem growth (hanging and upright); the main color of the corolla (pale pink, peach, white, pink fanta, apricot, pink taffy, lavender, magenta, rose pink, reddish-pink, pink, baby pink, orange); and the middle color of the corolla (pale pink, peach, white, fanta pink, red, french rose, baby pink, and orange). Genetic variance estimates among 13 genotypes of periwinkle were 0.01-32.15 (narrow), and the heritability estimates of the traits were low-medium (2-50%). The estimations of genetic gain which has high values are number of florets (23%) and number of branches (20%).

Keywords: qualitative character, quantitative character and ornamental plant