Pemanfaatan Khamir Antagonis untuk Memperpanjang Umur Simpan dan Mengendalikan Penyakit Antraknosa Buah Pepaya

Abstract

Papaya is one of the climacteric fruits that has a short shelf life and potential for postharvest anthracnose disease disorders caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of several antagonistic yeast species to extend shelf life and controlling anthracnose disease in postharvest of Callina papaya. This research was conducted at the Papaya field in Kanaga Village, Lebak Regency, Banten from November 2018 to July 2019, and Postharvest Laboratory AGH, IPB University from March to July 2019. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with the treatment of five types of yeasts, i.e., Cryptococcus albidus Yp, Aureobasidium pullulans Dmg 30 DEP, Rhodotorula minuta Dmg 16 BEP, Candida tropicalis Lm 13 BE, and Pseudozyma hubeiensis Dmg 18 BEP, a fungicide treatment with active ingredient azoxystrobin as a standard, and without treatment as a control. The results showed that the use of Candida tropicalis, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Cryptococcus albidus extended the shelf life of Callina papaya fruit to 12.6, 12.4, dan 12.2 days, respectively, longer than the control that was only 7 days, and effectively prevented anthracnose disease with suppression rates of 58.33%, 54.17%, and 50.00%, respectively, during storage. The use of yeast antagonists did not affect the physical and chemical quality of Callina papaya.

Keywords: climacteric fruit, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, postharvest