Karakter Seleksi Fase Vegetatif Jagung terhadap Hasil pada Cekaman Genangan Air

Abstract

Maize is an important crop in Indonesia that is utilized for food, feed, and industry. Waterlogging is one of the abiotic
stresses challenging maize production in recent years due to climate changes. Vegetative-phase screening methods may benefit
plant breeding programs because potential genotypes can be identified at earlier stage with lower cost. This study consisted
of two experiments. The first experiment was carried out at the Sawah Baru experimental station of Bogor Agricultural
University (IPB), Bogor, from June to September 2017 using an alpha lattice design with three replications and four blocks
within each replication. The second experiment conducted in a greenhouse at Cikabayan experimental station of IPB, Bogor,
from December 2017 to January 2018 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genetic material
used were 21 maize genotypes from the Indonesia Cereal Research Institute (ICERI) and IPB, including 19 hybrids and 2
inbred lines. The results showed that the dry root weight under normal conditions had significant positive correlation with
grain yield under waterlogging stress, and therefore is potential for early screening. Adaptive genotypes in waterlogging
stress selected based on dry root weight are DKLx30, DKLx11, MGoldx37, MGOldx41, and IPB L15-1xMR14. Predicted
mean yield across these genotypes was 0.57 ton ha-1 higher yield than the overall mean in waterlogging stress condition.
Selected hybrids can be further evaluated for variety release.