Deteksi Kestabilan Genetik Ramet Kelapa Sawit Hasil Kultur In Vitro Menggunakan SSR

Yuni Fitri Cahyaningsih; Ni Made Armini Wiendi; dan Nurita Toruan-Mathius

doi:10.24831/jai.v44i1.12507

Yuni Fitri Cahyaningsih Program Studi Pemulian dan Bioteknologi Tanaman, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Ni Made Armini Wiendi Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
dan Nurita Toruan-Mathius Lab. Genomic and Transcriptomic, Plant Production & Biotechnology Division PT SMART Tbk. Sinarmas Land Plaza, Menara II Jl Thamrin No 51, Kavling 22, Jakarta Pusat-10350, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v44i1.12507

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Commercial production of oil palm ramet requires the guarantee of high genetic stability. The objectives of this research were to determine 1) genetic diversity of ortet as source of explant, and 2) genetic stability of ramet derived from ortet propagated through tissue culture. Genetic stability analysis was done using ramet from five Tenera (D×P) oil palm ortets.As many as 20 ramets were randomly chosen from each ortet. A total of 100 ramets were used for genetic stability analysis. Genetic similarity analysis was analyzed using NTSyspc version 2.1 software with method Similarity for Qualitative Data and Unweighted Pair Group Method Aritmatic (UPGMA). The results indicated 20 SSR primer pairs were polymorphic and could form 44 alleles. As many as 80% of ramets from IS 3 ortet showed genetic similarity ranged from 97-100% to the ortet. All ramets derived from IS 10, IS 20 and IS 40 ortet had 90-100% of genetic similarity to its respective ortet. Futhermore, 95% of ramets from IS 39 ortet had 97-100% of genetic similarity to the ortet.

Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., genetic similarity, tissue culture