Kecakapan Akses Pasar Petani Berbasis Komunitas di Pedesaan Kawasan Pantai Yogyakarta
Abstract
Pembangunan sumber daya manusia pertanian pedesaan melalui penyuluhan mengalami kemajuan, ditandai dengan banyak terbentuknya kelembagaan ekonomi pertanian. Namun pendekatan penyuluhan pertanian seringkali kurang berfokus pada lokasi petani dikarenakan keterbatasan jangkauan penyuluhan dalam memahami situasi riil kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecakapan (resourcefulness) kelompok tani di pedesaan kawasan pantai dalam mengelola usaha kolektifnya untuk memberikan akses pasar bagi anggotanya guna memberikan rekomendasi penyuluhan kontekstual. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif praktik petani dalam agensinya mengorganisasi pasar lelang komoditas cabai merah di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan perbandingan 3 studi kasus pasar lelang, penulis menemukan bahwa pembentukan kelompok baru untuk program pertanian tidak selalu diperlukan karena kelompok yang telah terbentuk telah memiliki kecakapan dan modal sosial yang berpotensi mendukung program. Selain itu, kepemilikan lelang oleh suatu entitas non-kolektif yang mengurangi paparan resiko bukanlah hambatan karena mampu membuat petani berpartisipasi mengakses pasar. Pengelolaan pasar lelang berbasis komunitas petani membutuhkan kecakapan dalam mengelola elemen tangible maupun intangible untuk dapat memberikan layanan akses pasar kepada petani. Kecakapan ini berkontribusi menjaga keberlangsungan pasar lelang dan merefleksikan bentuk pendekatan penyuluhan pertanian bagi para agen pembangunan khususnya di pertanian kawasan pantai.
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