Mekanisme Penangkap Tandan Buah Sawit dan Pemanfaatan Energi Potensialnya
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Abstract
Abstract
In oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. This study was conducted to design a mechanism of oil palm fresh fruit bunches catchment and its potential energy utilization. The potential energy of falling fruit bunches during oil palm harvesting that stored in the flat spiral spring, and used to drive
the wheelbarrow. The actual energy potential and torque performance of flat spiral spring was measured by using a torque and potential energy measuring apparatus. The results showed that the potential energy
from falling fruit bunches could store in the flat spiral spring mechanism, with storage efficiency of 39.39%. By means of 1.5 rotation of flat spiral spring, the maximum torque of the flat spiral spring was 53.35 Nm.
The utilization of potential energy that stored in the flat spiral spring has been successfully used to drive the wheelbarrow, with utilization efficiency of 80.39%. By using the potential energy of 38.64 J, wheelbarrow could move as far as 0.41 m to evacuate 48 kg of total weight loads.
Keywords: oil palm, harvesting,potential energy, catchment mechanism, wheelbarrow.
Abstrak
Dalam pemanenan kelapa sawit, tandan buah yang jatuh memiliki energi potensial yang cukup besar, yang dapat ditangkap dan digunakan sebagai daya penggerak angkong dalam mengevakuasi tandan buah segar (TBS). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang sebuah mekanisme penangkap TBS yang sekaligus dapat menyimpan energi potensialnya. Energi potensial yang terkandung pada TBS saat pemanenan disimpan pada flat spiral spring dan akan dimanfaatkan sebagai daya untuk menggerakan angkong. Torsi dan energi potensial pada flat spiral spring diukur secara aktual melalui sebuah aparatus pengukur torsi dan energi potensial untuk pegas tipe spiral. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa energi potensial TBS dapat disimpan pada flatspiral spring dengan efesiensi penyimpanan sebesar 39.39%. Melalui input 1.5 putaran pada flat spiral spring, torsi maksimum yang dapat dicapai oleh flat spiral spring adalah sebesar
53.35 Nm. Bentuk pemanfaatan energi yang tersimpan dalam flat spiral spring telah berhasil dimanfaatkan untuk menggerakan roda angkong dengan efisiensi pemanfaatan sebesar 80.39%. Energi potensial sebesar 38.64 J telah dapat menggerakan angkong sejauh 0.41 m dengan bobot total mesin seberat 48 kg.
Kata kunci : kelapa sawit, pema nenan, energi potensial, mekanisme penangkap, angkong.
Diterima: 19 Juni 2014 ;Disetujui: 22 September 2014
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