Remediasi Tanah Tercemar Timbal dan Kadmium Menggunakan Fly Ash dan Bahan Organik
Abstrak
Tanah lahan pertanian yang berada dekat dengan kawasan industri rentan tercemar oleh timbal (Pb) dan cadmium (Cd), disebabkan oleh limbah industri tersebut. Remediasi tanah merupakan Upaya yang dilakukan untuk membersihkan tanah dari bahan-bahan pencemar. Pemanfaatan fly ash dan bahan organik merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengurangi kadar pencemaran Pb dan Cd dalam tanah. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh dari amelioran untuk menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd pada tanah. Percobaan rumah kaca dilakukan dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan perlakuan aplikasi 3 jenis amelioran, yaitu fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang sapi. Rancangan percobaan disusun masing-masing dengan 2 taraf dosis, yaitu C: kontrol; F1: 450 g; F2: 600 g; A1: 75 g; A2: 105 g; S1: 105 g; S2: 135 g; FAS1: 450 g+75 g+105 g; FAS2: 600 g+105 g+135 g. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan pengaruh pemberian perlakuan fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang sapi secara nyata meningkatkan pH, KB, C-organik, dan basa tanah serta menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penggunaan fly ash tunggal (F1 dan F2) menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb pada tanah, sedangkan Cd tersedia menurun pada pemberian aplikasi kombinasi fly ash dengan pupuk kandang ayam dan sapi (FAS1 dan FAS2). Pemberian fly ash saja mampu menurunkan kadar ketersediaan Pb dan Cd yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi saja. Namun, pemberian fly ash belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung.
Kata kunci: Cd, fly ash, pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang sapi, Pb, remediasi
Unduh
Referensi
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##submission.license.cc.by-sa4.footer##Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University
