Application of Unpowered Automatic Fertigator for Aquaculture and Horticulture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jsil.11.1.1-10Keywords:
FONi, surface irrigation, aquaculture and holticulture, water efficiency, food securityAbstract
The clean water crisis and the increasing scarcity of agricultural land pose significant challenges to food security. However, household yard areas, when managed productively, have the potential to contribute to family-level food production. The Powerless Automatic Fertigator (FONi) is an appropriate technology that has been shown to enhance productivity and facilitate various horticultural cultivation practices. This study integrates aquaculture and horticulture using the FONi system (referred to as FONi Mina-horticulture) with the following objectives: (1) to develop the system design and evaluate its performance; (2) to assess the production of fish and vegetables; and (3) to analyze land and water productivity. The experiment was conducted over a two-month period in a trial garden using a fish pond connected to 30 downstream planting pots. The water level in each pot was maintained at approximately 10 cm below the soil surface. Plant growth was measured weekly and monitored using CCTV. The results demonstrate that the FONi Minahorti model achieved a fish (grass carp) growth rate of 73% with a survival rate of 100%. Land and water productivity for red spinach were 7.67 g/m² and 8.77 g/L, respectively, while for green spinach they reached 10.08 g/m² and 11.53 g/L, respectively. The crop coefficient (Kc) for both spinach varieties during the growth period ranged from 0.40 to 0.71. These findings indicate that the FONi Minahorti system is a viable approach for enhancing yard productivity by simultaneously producing fish and vegetables to support daily household needs.
References
[1] C. Ingrao, R. Strippoli, G. Lagioia, and D. Huisingh, “Water scarcity in agriculture: An overview of causes, impacts and approaches for reducing the risks,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 8, p. e18507, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18507.
[2] A. Gupta, A. Rico-Medina, and A. I. Caño-Delgado, “The physiology of plant responses to drought,” Science, vol. 368, no. 6488, pp. 266 269, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1126/science.aaz7614.
[3] G. F. A. Sari, D. Yolanda, and R. K. Rajib, “Krisis air menangani penyediaan air bersih di dunia yang semakin kekurangan sumber daya,” J. Ilm. Res. Stud., vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 334–341, 2024.
[4] R. Ekawati, L. H. Saputri, A. Kusumawati, L. Paonganan, and P. S. V. R. Ingesti, “Optimalisasi lahan pekarangan dengan budidaya tanaman sayuran sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam mencapai strategi kemandirian pangan,” PRIMA J. Community Empower. Serv., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19–28, 2021.
[5] T. B. Purwantini, “Potensi dan prospek pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan,” Forum Penelit. Agro Ekon., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 13–30, 2012.
[6] D. Zuryanti, A. Rahayu, and Rochman, “Pertumbuhan, produksi dan kualitas bayam (Amaranthus tricolor L.) pada berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan kalium niitrat (KNO3).,” J. Agronida, vol. 2, no. 2, 2016.
[7] A. L. Z. Azra, H. S. Arifin, M. Astawan, and N. H. Arifin, “Analisis Karakteristik Pekarangan dalam Mendukung Penganekaragaman Pangan Keluarga di Kabupaten Bogor,” J. Lanskap Indones., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–12, 2014, doi: 10.29244/jli.v6i2.16552.
[8] L. Zhang, P. Wu, and X. Fan, “Numerical simulation of soil water movement with drip irrigation of multiple point source,” Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Eng., vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 40–45, Sep. 2010.
[9] N. O. Gulo, S. W. A. Lase, D. S. T. Laoli, M. Gulo, and N. K. Lase, “Pemanfaatan Lahan Dengan Sistem Pengolahan Yang Baik Dan Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Untuk Menerapkan Sistem Pertanian Berkelanjutan,” J. Ilmu Pertan. Dan Perikan., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 30–39, Dec. 2024, doi:10.70134/penarik.v1i2.178.
[10] S. Suwoko and S. A. Widyanto, “Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengendali Irigasi berbasis Analisis Evapotranspirasi dengan Kontroler PI,” J. Tek. Mesin, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 13–22, Jan. 2015.
[11] R. Allen, L. Pareira, D. Raes, and M. Smith, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56. Crop Evapotranspiration (guidelines for computing crop water requirements). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, 1998.
[12] I. P. Wu, “A Simple Evapotranspiration Model for Hawaii: The Hargreaves Model,” University of Hawaii at Manoa, CTAHR Fact Sheet Engeineer’s Notebook 106, 1997.
[13] R. Hidayat and A. W. Farihah, “Identifikasi perubahan suhu udara dan curah hujan di Bogor,” J. Pengelolaan Sumberd. Alam Dan Lingkung. J. Nat. Resour. Environ. Manag., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 616– 626, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.29244/jpsl.10.4.616-626.
[14] F. Karoba, Suryani, and R. Nurjasmi, “Pengaruh Perbedaan PH terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kailan (Brassica Oleraceae) Sistem Hidroponik NFT(Nutrient Film Tecnique),” J. Ilm. Respati, vol. 6, no. 2, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.52643/jir.v6i2.222.
[15] V. A. K. Dewi, B. I. Setiawan, B. Minasny, R. S. B. Wasodo, and L. Liyantono, “A Closed-Type Irrigation System Performaces in the Plant House,” Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 58–64, Dec. 2020.
[16] R. Muharomah, B. I. Setiawan, and T. Watanabe, “A model and its performance of evapotranspirative irrigation tested to grow water lettuces,” J. Appropr. Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2023.
[17] R. H. Fadhillah, S. Dwiratna, and K. Amaru, “Kinerja Sistem Fertigasi Rakit Apung Pada Budidaya Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir),” J. Pertan. Trop., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 165–179, 2019.
[18] D. Syafriyandi, B. I. Setiawan, C. Arif, and S. Suwardi, “Performance of Automatic Unpowerer Subsurface Irrigation on Water-Lettuce, Choy-Sum, and Spinach Cultivations,” J. Keteknikan Pertan., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 268–278, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.19028/jtep.011.3.268-278.
[19] B. T. Julianto, B. I. Setiawan, S. K. Saptomo, and L. Liyantono, “Portable Minapadi Model and Its Performance for Urban Farming,” J. Keteknikan Pertan., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 195–210, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.19028/jtep.013.2.195-210.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, JSIL agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
