Flexural Performance of Glued Laminated Timber Beams Reinforced with Externally Bonded FRP: An Experimental Investigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jsil.10.2.225-238Keywords:
fiber reinforced polymer, timber, external bonded, laminateAbstract
The use of hard timber in construction is increasing, but it is quite expensive and its production is slow. As an alternative, laminated timber combining hard and soft quality timber has been proposed. This study utilized rambutan timber (hardwood) and sengon timber (softwood). Structural failure may occur when elements can no longer resist the applied loads; thus, reinforcement is required. This study aims to investigate the flexural strength of laminated timber beams and assess the performance enhancement using a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) type SCH-11UP. Composite was applied through the Externally Bonded (EB) method. The flexural capacity was evaluated in accordance with ASTM D143 through four-point bending tests and SNI 7973:2013. Four types of test objects were tested with three samples per type: TP (unreinforced), EB1 (type 1), EB2 (type 2), and EB3 (type 3), with TP as the control group. The experimental results showed that EB3 yielded the highest improvement, with up to 87% increase in the maximum load capacity, displacement, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), stiffness, and structural efficiency. The improvements followed in descending order: EB2, EB1, and TP.
References
[1] Agustina Sarah dkk, Pengaruh Karakteristik Kimia terhadap Sifat Mekanis dan Keawetan Alami Tiga Jenis Kayu Kurang Digunakan, Jurna Sylv Lestari. 2021; Vol 9 (1): 161-178
[2] Setioadi, Rizal., 2023, “Pengaruh Diameter Alat Sambung Terhadap Kekuatan Tahanan Lateral Komposit Laminasi Bambu Petung-Kayu Mindi pada Sistem Penyambungan dengan Pasak Bambu”, Skripsi: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
[3] Fajar M,N dkk, Pengaruh Kadar Air Kayu Terhadap Kuat Lentur Kayu di Kota Sorong – Papua Barat Daya, Jurnal Ilmiah. 2023, Vol 18, No. 2, Hal. 86-94, http://journals.usm.ac.id/index.php/teknika
[4] SNI 7973:2013. (2013). Spesifikasi desain untuk konstruksi kayu. Badan Standardisasi Nasional. Badan Standardisasi Indonesia.
[5] Siahan S dan Johannes T, Perkuatan Pelat Lantai Dengan FRP (Fibre Reinforced Polimer) (Studi Kasus: Gedung Sekolah Siantar). Jurnal Rekayasa Konstruksi Mrkanika Sipl (JRKMS), 2024, Vol. 07, No. 01
[6] Taufikurrahman, P, Perbaikan Kekuatan dan daktilitas Balok Beton Bertulang menggunakan GFRO Strips, Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Teknik-Sistem. 2017; vol 10, No. 3
[7] Saad, Khaled dan Andras Lengyel., 2022, “Strengthening Timber Structural Members with CFRP and GFRP: A State-of-the-Art Review”, Jurnal: Polymers 2022, 14, 2381
[8] Wicaksono, Teguh Mulyo, Ali Awaludin dan Suprapto Siswosukarto, 2017, “Analisis Perkuatan lentur Balok Kayu Sengon Dengan Sistem Komposit Balok Sandwich (Lamina dan Plate)”, Jurnal: INERSIA, Vol. XIII No. 2, hal. 129-140
[9] American Standard Testing and Material D 4442 - 92 (Reapproved 2003). Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Timber and Timber-Base Materials.
[10] American Society for Testing and Materials, 2008, Annual Book of ASTM Standards 2008 - Section 4 Volume 04.10 Timber D143, American Society for Testing and Materials
[11] American Standard Testing and Material D-198 (Revision 22A, 2022), Standard Test Methods of Static Test of Lumber in Structural Size.
[12] The National Standards Authority of Ireland. Timber structures - Structural timber and glued laminated timber - Determination of some physical and mechanical properties I.S. EN 408:2010 Irish Standards. BSI Stand Publ. 2012;
[13] Subuh IM, Yasin I, Sulistyorini D. Tinjauan Kuat Lentur Balok Laminasi Mekanik Kayu Glugu Dan Kayu Sengon. J Renov. 2020;
[14] Yoresta FS. Modulus Elastisitas Dan Kekuatan Lentur Balok Kayu Laminasi. J Rekayasa Sipil. 2015;
[15] Wulandari FT, Amin R. Sifat Fisika dan Mekanika Papan Laminasi Kayu Sengon. Hutan Trop. 2022;
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, JSIL agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
