Penetrasi dan Sorptivitas Klorida Beton Mutu Tinggi Memadat Mandiri dengan Variasi Substitusi Metakaolin
Abstract
Struktur beton bertulang seringkali terekspos pada lingkungan yang mengandung zat-zat perusak seperti ion klorida. Penetrasi ion klorida akan merusak lapisan pasif pada beton dan mengakibatkan terjadinya korosi, sehingga penggunaan beton berkualitas baik sangat dibutuhkan. Pada penelitian ini, beton mutu tinggi memadat mandiri dengan variasi substitusi metakaolin terhadap berat semen sebesar 0% (kontrol); 10%; 12,5%; 15%; 17,5 %; dan 20% digunakan sebagai solusi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh substitusi metakaolin dan kadar optimumnya untuk meningkatkan resistensi beton terhadap penetrasi klorida. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan benda uji silinder beton berdiameter 7,5 cm dan tinggi 15 cm. Pengujian kedalaman penetrasi klorida menggunakan metode uji penetrasi klorida laboratorium dipercepat, benda uji dipaparkan pada lingkungan klorida dengan konsentrasi 2% dengan variasi waktu pemaparan 15, 37, dan 51 hari dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode AgNO3 colorimetric (Fu et al., 2022). Pengujian sorptivitas klorida dilakukan berdasarkan ASTM C.1585 (ASTM International, 2013) menggunakan variasi waktu 30, 90, dan 1440 menit. Dari hasil penelitian, didapat bahwa substitusi metakaolin 15% merupakan kadar optimum untuk menurunkan penetrasi dan sorptivitas klorida pada beton sebagai kontribusi dari reaksi pozzolaniknya. Penelitian diharapkan dapat bermanfaat sebagai pencegahan kerusakan beton bertulang pada lingkungan agresif dengan menghasilkan analisis beton bermutu baik dan ramah lingkungan.
Reinforced concrete structures are often exposed to environments containing corrodents such as chloride ions. The penetration of chloride ions will deteriorate the passive layer of the concrete and result in corrosion, thus the use of good-quality concrete is required. In this study, high-strength self-compacting concrete with a variation of metakaolin substitution to cement weight of 0% (control); 10%; 12.5%; 15%; 17.5%; and 20% was used as a solution. The objective of the study was to identify the effect of metakaolin substitution and its optimum level to improve concrete resistance to chloride penetration. This research used an experimental method with concrete cylindrical specimens of 7.5 cm diameter and 15 cm height. The chloride penetration depth test used the accelerated laboratory chloride penetration test method, the specimens were exposed to a chloride environment with a concentration of 2% with a variation of exposure times of 15, 37, and 51 days and then analyzed using the colorimetric AgNO3 method (Fu et al., 2022). The chloride sorptivity test was conducted based on ASTM C.1585 (ASTM International, 2013) using time variations of 30, 90, and 1440 minutes. Based on the results, it was found that 15% metakaolin substitution is the optimum level to reduce the penetration and sorptivity of chloride in concrete as a contribution to its pozzolanic reaction. The research is expected to be useful in the prevention of deterioration of reinforced concrete in aggressive environments by producing good quality and environmentally friendly concrete analysis.
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