Peningkatan Kekuatan Beton Plastik dengan Penambahan Kalsit menggunakan Metode Soybean Crude Urease Calcite Precipitation
Abstract
Beton sebagai bahan konstruksi terus meningkat penggunaannya karena kuat tekannya yang tinggi dan mudah dalam pengerjaannya. Pengelolaan sampah plastik menjadi persoalan karena plastik sulit untuk diuraikan secara alami. Subtitusi plastik saja tidak dapat dilakukan pada beton, sehingga diperlukan tambahan lain untuk mempertahankan kekuatan beton. Soybean crude urease calcite precipitation (SCU-CP) dijadikan sebagai alternatif pemecahan masalah dengan menggunakan kedelai sebagai pengganti enzim urease yang dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode SCU-CP untuk menutupi rongga-rongga kecil antara plastik dan agregat serta memperkuat ikatannya dengan pembentukan kalsit. Oleh karena itu diperlukan evaluasi pengaruh subtitusi plastik serta penambahan larutan kalsit terhadap kuat tekan dan tegangan-regangan beton. Sampel beton direncanakan memiliki kuat tekan 20,75 MPa dengan mutu K-250. Subtitusi cacahan plastik highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) menurunkan kuat tekan beton 5,5% dan 8,2% pada subtitusi 1% dan 5%. Semakin banyak agregat halus yang disubtitusi semakin menurun kuat tekan beton plastik. Subtitusi plastik menyebabkan tegangan menurun dan beton menjadi lebih lentur. Penambahan kalsit pada beton plastik dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan beton hingga 44%. Kalsit dapat mengisi rongga-rongga kecil pada beton plastik, semakin banyak larutan kalsit yang ditambahkan pada beton artinya banyak endapan kalsit yang terbentuk antara plastik dan beton. Penambahan kalsit meningkatkan tegangan pada regangan yang sama. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari kurva yang semakin tegak yang artinya modulus elastisitas meningkat dan mutu beton semakin baik.
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